bogey meaning uk

Definition of 'bogey'

bogey in British English 1

Bogey in british english 2, bogey in american english, bogey in american english 1, bogey in american english 2, examples of 'bogey' in a sentence bogey, cobuild collocations bogey, trends of bogey.

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In other languages bogey

• American English : bogey / ˈboʊgi /
• Brazilian Portuguese : espectro
• Chinese : 担心之事
• European Spanish : temor
• French : bête noire
• German : Schreckgespenst
• Italian : spauracchio
• Japanese : 悩みの種
• Korean : 이유없이 두려운 것
• European Portuguese : espectro
• Latin American Spanish : temor

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Related terms of bogey

• double bogey
• triple bogey
• make a bogey
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Definition of bogey

 (Entry 1 of 3)

Definition of bogey  (Entry 2 of 3)

transitive verb

less common spelling of bogie entry 1

• black beast

Examples of bogey in a Sentence

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'bogey.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

probably alteration of bogle

1826, in the meaning defined at sense 1

1948, in the meaning defined above

Phrases Containing bogey

• double bogey
• triple bogey

Dictionary Entries Near bogey

Cite this entry.

“Bogey.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bogey. Accessed 27 Oct. 2023.

Kids Definition

Kids definition of bogey, more from merriam-webster on bogey.

Nglish: Translation of bogey for Spanish Speakers

Britannica English: Translation of bogey for Arabic Speakers

Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about bogey

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What does bogey mean in golf?

Confusingly, it has two different golfing meanings, one arising from the other

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Confusingly, the word bogey has two different golfing meanings, the more modern one arising from the older one. But both meanings are still used

The answer to ‘what does bogey mean in golf’ depends upon the context. It also depends upon what period of history you are talking about.

The original meaning of bogey was that it was the score that a very good golfer should aim to make. This was distinct from par, a term which was also around, but which referred to the ’perfect’ score on a hole.

The concept of bogey was invented in the 1890s although it was then known as the ‘ground score’ not ‘bogey’.

Par was the more popular measurement in the US, whereas bogey was in vogue in the UK.

For example, when Dr Frank  Stableford , devised what we now know as the Stableford scoring system, points were awarded against bogey, not par. Thus to get 2pts on a hole you had to match bogey not par under Dr Stableford’s original system

Par as a golfing term dates came into regular use in the early 1900s. Par also assigns a target score to each hole, but par was calculated more scientifically, by dividing up holes by their length.

Bogey was harder to define, as it relied upon an assessment of difficulty by the club themselves, and so its implementation, and the standard required, could vary between clubs.

As scores came down, the better golfers would sometimes aim for par rather than bogey. Bogey scores for the hardest holes were often a shot higher than par. A few of the more traditional golf clubs to this day still have a bogey score and a par score on their scorecard, and the total bogey score will normally be around 5-6 shots higher than the par one.

Although the par and bogey scores of each hole were normally the same, sometimes the bogey score would be one over par. From this came the modern definition that bogey is a score of one over par on a hole.

But the older definition of bogey, as a target score, still lives on in bogey competitions .

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• 1.1 Alternative forms
• 1.2 Pronunciation
• 1.3.1.1 Related terms
• 1.3.1.2 Translations
• 1.3.2.1 Translations
• 1.4.1.1 Translations
• 1.8 References
• 2.1 Etymology
• 2.2 Pronunciation
• 2.3.1 Declension
• 2.3.2 Synonyms
• 3.1 Etymology
• 3.2 Pronunciation
• 3.3.1 Alternative forms
• 3.3.2 Coordinate terms

English [ edit ]

Alternative forms [ edit ].

• bogie , bogy

Pronunciation [ edit ]

• ( Received Pronunciation ) IPA ( key ) : /bəʊɡi/
• ( General American ) IPA ( key ) : /boʊɡi/
• Homophones : bogie , bogy
• Rhymes: -əʊɡi
• Hyphenation: bo‧gey

Etymology 1 [ edit ]

Probably related to or alteration of bogle , akin to or from a variant of Middle English bugge ("frightening specter , scarecrow"), perhaps from obsolete Welsh bwg (" ghost , hobgoblin "; compare Welsh bwgwl ("threat", older "fear")) or from Proto-Germanic *bugja- ( “ swollen up, thick ” ) (compare Norwegian bugge ( “ big man ” ) , dialectal Low German Bögge and Alemannic German Böögg ( “ goblin”, “snot ” ) ). Perhaps the Middle English and Welsh words come from a word related to buck and originally referred to a goat-shaped specter.

Also possibly related to Irish bagairt ( “ threat ” ) .

Golf meaning from the devil as an imaginary player.

Noun [ edit ]

bogey ( plural bogeys )

• ( archaic , often capitalized , usually with definite article ) The Devil . Synonyms: see Thesaurus: Satan
• A ghost , goblin , or other hostile supernatural creature . Synonym: goblin
• 2018 November 18, Phil McNulty, “England 2 - 1 Croatia”, in BBC Sport ‎ [2] : England could have been forgiven for believing the fates were against them as they trailed to their League A Group Four opponents, who have become something of a bogey side over the years.
• 1990 , Peter Hopkirk , The Great Game , Folio Society, published 2010 , page 54 : If one man could be said to be responsible for the creation of the Russian bogy , it was a much-decorated British general named Sir Robert Wilson.
• ( engineering ) A standard of performance set up as a mark to be aimed at in competition.
• 1987 , Greg Bear , “ Lacrimosa Dies Illa ! ”, in The Forge of God (science fiction), →ISBN , →OCLC , page 83 : He stood on the sand near the gravel road that passed within two miles of the site of the disintegrated bogey , binoculars hanging on a leather strap from his neck, face streaming with sweat under the brim of his hat... Army and government trucks passed along the road every few minutes, some bearing radiation stickers; many of those outward bound, he knew, carried fragments of the bogey . He was not privy to what they were finding.
• 1986 , Jim Cash, Jack Epps Jr., Top Gun (motion picture), spoken by Cougar: God dammit, Mustang! This is Ghost Rider 117. This bogey is all over me. He's got missile lock on me. Do I have permission to fire?
• ( golf ) A score of one over par on a hole . Coordinate terms: buzzard , par , birdie , eagle , albatross , condor , ostrich
• ( UK ) Alternative form of booger : a piece of mucus in or removed from the nostril .

Related terms [ edit ]

• double bogey
• triple bogey

Translations [ edit ]

Verb [ edit ].

bogey ( third-person singular simple present bogeys , present participle bogeying , simple past and past participle bogeyed )

• ( golf ) To make a bogey.

Etymology 2 [ edit ]

• ( UK , engineering ) A bog-standard ( representative ) specimen taken from the center of production .

Etymology 3 [ edit ]

From Dharug bugi- ( “ to bathe, dive ” ) .

• ( Australia ) To swim ; to bathe . [from 18th c.]
• 1994 , Rita Huggins & Jackie Huggins , Auntie Rita , in Heiss & Minter, Macquarie PEN Anthology of Aboriginal Literature , Allen & Unwin 2008, p. 151: My mother would use leaves from trees to make soap for washing our bodies with, and unfortunately for us kids there was no excuse not to take a bogey .

Etymology 4 [ edit ]

A variant of bogie .

• Alternative spelling of bogie ( “ one of two sets of wheels under a locomotive or railcar ; also, a structure with axles and wheels under a locomotive, railcar, or semi which provides support and reduces vibration for the vehicle ” )

Notes [ edit ]

• ^ United States Department of Defense Air Land Sea Application Center (May 2020), “Multi-service Brevity Codes”, in Brevity: Multi-service Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Multi-service Brevity Codes ‎ [1] , archived from the original on 2021-06-30 , page 6: “BOGEY: [A/A] [S/A] [SO] A CONTACT whose identity is unknown.”

References [ edit ]

• “ bogey ”, in Lexico , Dictionary.com ; Oxford University Press , 2019–2022.
• “ bogey ”, in OneLook Dictionary Search .

Finnish [ edit ]

Etymology [ edit ].

From English bogey .

• IPA ( key ) : /ˈboɡi/ , [ˈbo̞ɡi]
• Syllabification ( key ) : bo‧gey
• ( golf ) bogey

Declension [ edit ]

• Seldom inflected in cases other than genitive singular ( bogeyn ) or nominative plural ( bogeyt ).
• For other inflected forms use bogi .

Synonyms [ edit ]

French [ edit ].

Borrowed from English bogey .

• ( France ) IPA ( key ) : /bɔ.ɡɛ/
• ( Quebec ) IPA ( key ) : /bɔ.ɡe/ , /bɔ.ɡi/

bogey   m ( plural bogeys )

Coordinate terms [ edit ]

• English 2-syllable words
• English terms with IPA pronunciation
• English terms with audio links
• English terms with homophones
• Rhymes:English/əʊɡi
• Rhymes:English/əʊɡi/2 syllables
• English terms derived from Middle English
• English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
• English lemmas
• English nouns
• English countable nouns
• English terms with archaic senses
• English terms with quotations
• en:Engineering
• en:Military
• en:Aviation
• English slang
• British English
• English verbs
• English terms derived from Dharug
• Australian English
• en:Mythological creatures
• en:Mythology
• Finnish terms borrowed from English
• Finnish terms derived from English
• Finnish 2-syllable words
• Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
• Finnish lemmas
• Finnish nouns
• French terms borrowed from English
• French terms derived from English
• French 2-syllable words
• French terms with IPA pronunciation
• French lemmas
• French nouns
• French countable nouns
• French masculine nouns
• English entries with topic categories using raw markup
• Quotation templates to be cleaned
• fi-pronunciation missing hyphenation or rhymes

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What does the verb bogey mean?

There is one meaning in OED's entry for the verb bogey . See ‘Meaning & use’ for definition, usage, and quotation evidence.

Entry status

OED is undergoing a continuous programme of revision to modernize and improve definitions. This entry has not yet been fully revised.

How common is the verb bogey ?

How is the verb bogey pronounced, british english, u.s. english, where does the verb bogey come from.

Earliest known use

The earliest known use of the verb bogey is in the 1940s.

OED's earliest evidence for bogey is from 1948, in the writing of B. Hogan.

It is also recorded as a noun from the 1890s.

bogey is formed within English, by conversion.

Etymons: bogey n. c

Nearby entries

• bogan, n. 1984–
• bogart, v. 1965–
• bog berry, n. 1760–
• bog-blitter, n. 1815–
• bog brush, n. 1982–
• bog-butter, n. 1863–
• bog-deal, n. 1857–
• bog-down, n. 1794–
• bog-earth, n. 1787–
• bogey, n. 1892–
• bogey, v. 1948–
• bog fir, n. 1770–
• boggard, n.¹ 1552–1655
• boggard | boggart, n.² 1570–
• bog-garden, n. 1883–
• boggarty, adj. 1867–
• bogged, adj. 1605–
• boggify, v. 1652
• bogginess, n. 1649–
• bogging, n. a1555–87

Meaning & use

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Pronunciation

Compounds & derived words, entry history for bogey, v..

bogey, v. was first published in 1989; not yet revised

bogey, v. was last modified in July 2023

Revision of the OED is a long-term project. Entries in oed.com which have not been revised may include:

• corrections and revisions to definitions, pronunciation, etymology, headwords, variant spellings, quotations, and dates;
• new senses, phrases, and quotations which have been added in subsequent print and online updates.

Revisions and additions of this kind were last incorporated into bogey, v. in July 2023.

Earlier versions of bogey, v. were published in:

OED Second Edition (1989)

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Citation details

Factsheet for bogey, v., browse entry.

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Definition of bogey noun from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

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bogey (n.1)

World War II aviator slang for "unidentified aircraft, presumably hostile," probably ultimately from bog / bogge , attested 16c.-17c., a dialectal variant of Middle English bugge "a frightening specter" (see bug (n.)).

If so, bogey shares ancestry with, and might have arisen from, dialect words for "ghost, specter, the devil," such as bogeyman "haunting specter, object of fear" (16c.), boggart "specter that haunts a gloomy spot" (c. 1570, in Westmoreland, Lancashire, Cheshire, and Yorkshire), and compare bogey (n.2). The earliest modern form appears to be Scottish bogle "ghost," attested from c. 1500 and popularized c. 1800 in English literature by Scott, Burns, etc.

bogey (n.2)

in golf, c. 1891, originally "number of strokes a good player is supposed to need for a given hole or course;" later, "score one over par" (1946); from the same source as bogey (n.1), on the notion of a "phantom" opponent, represented by the "ground score." The word was in vogue at the time in Britain through the popularity of a music-hall tune "Hush, Hush, Hush, Here Comes the Bogey Man."

One popular song at least has left its permanent effect on the game of golf. That song is 'The Bogey Man.' In 1890 Dr. Thos. Browne, R.N., the hon. secretary of the Great Yarmouth Club, was playing against a Major Wellman, the match being against the 'ground score,' which was the name given to the scratch value of each hole. The system of playing against the 'ground score' was new to Major Wellman, and he exclaimed, thinking of the song of the moment, that his mysterious and well-nigh invincible opponent was a regular 'bogey-man.' The name 'caught on' at Great Yarmouth, and to-day 'Bogey' is one of the most feared opponents on all the courses that acknowledge him. [1908, cited in OED]

Other early golfing sources give it an American origin. As a verb, attested by 1948.

Entries linking to bogey

"insect, beetle," 1620s (earliest reference is to bedbugs), of unknown origin, probably (but not certainly) from or influenced by Middle English bugge "something frightening, scarecrow" (late 14c.), a word or meaning that has become obsolete since the "insect" sense arose, except in bugbear (1570s) and bugaboo (q.v.).

The Middle English word probably is connected with Scottish bogill "goblin, bugbear," or obsolete Welsh bwg "ghost, goblin" (compare Welsh bwgwl "threat," earlier "fear," Middle Irish bocanách "supernatural being"). Some speculate that these words are from a root meaning "goat" (see buck (n.1)) and represent originally a goat-like specter. Compare also bogey (n.1) and Puck . Middle English Compendium compares Low German bögge , böggel-mann "goblin." The sense shift perhaps was by influence of Old English -budda , used in compounds for "beetle" (compare Low German budde "louse, grub," Middle Low German buddech "thick, swollen").

The name of bug is given in a secondary sense to insects considered as an object of disgust and horror, and in modern English is appropriated to the noisome inhabitants of our beds, but in America is used as the general appellation of the beetle tribe .... A similar application of the word signifying an object dread to creeping things is very common. [Hensleigh Wedgwood, "A Dictionary of English Etymology," 1859]

The meaning "defect in a machine" (1889) may have been coined c. 1878 by Thomas Edison (perhaps with the notion of an insect getting into the works). In compounds, the meaning "person obsessed by an idea" (as in firebug "arsonist") is from 1841, perhaps from notion of persistence. The colloquial sense of "microbe, germ" is from 1919.

Bugs "crazy" is from c. 1900. Bug juice as a slang name for drink is from 1869, originally "bad whiskey." The 1811 slang dictionary has bug-hunter "an upholsterer." Bug-word "word or words meant to irritate and vex" is from 1560s.

"haunting specter, object of fear," 16c.; see bogey (n.1) + man (n.).

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a score of one stroke over par on a hole.

par 1 (def. 4) .

bogy 1 (defs. 1-3) .

Also bo·gy, bo·gie . Military . an unidentified aircraft or missile, especially one detected as a blip on a radar screen.

Golf . to make a bogey on (a hole): Arnold Palmer bogeyed the 18th hole.

Origin of bogey

Words nearby bogey, other definitions for bogey (2 of 3).

a swim; bathe.

to swim; bathe.

Other definitions for bogey (3 of 3)

Dictionary.com Unabridged Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2023

How to use bogey in a sentence

The friendship is such that even in his disappointment after a bogey at 18 on Monday, even after riding out an interminable week interrupted by a hurricane, Rahm was waiting to congratulate Finau after he won in a playoff.

He then bogeyed two of the final four holes to miss a playoff with Finau and Cameron Smith by two shots.

The Spaniard had a chance to force a three-way playoff with Finau and Smith but made a bogey at No.

Much of the fun came from other people’s reactions to landing bogeys or particularly clean shots.

That day in Louisville was the day Rickie Fowler really thought he could win and felt the sting of nibbling closely and a 45-year-old Phil Mickelson wound up bemoaning that bogey on No.

The last two sentences quoted above seem to me needlessly bogey -hunting.

Note: This article has been corrected to note that bogey passed away in 1957, four years before The Jockey Club opened in 1961.

So dies the invasion of England bogey which, from first to last, has wrought us an infinity of harm.

"Bery good," said bogey , as he instantly disappeared through the gate.

Glancing up, he espied the black face of bogey looking down upon him.

bogey heard it also, and involuntarily put his hands on big stomach and made a comically wry face.

Just at this crisis bogey , with his eyes glaring and his white teeth fully exposed, thrust his black face from the foliage.

British Dictionary definitions for bogey (1 of 2)

/ ( ˈbəʊɡɪ ) /

an evil or mischievous spirit

something that worries or annoys

a score of one stroke over par on a hole : Compare par (def. 5)

obsolete a standard score for a hole or course, regarded as one that a good player should make

slang a piece of dried mucus discharged from the nose

air force slang an unidentified or hostile aircraft

slang a detective; policeman

(tr) golf to play (a hole) in one stroke over par

British Dictionary definitions for bogey (2 of 2)

to bathe or swim

a bathe or swim

Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

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Definitions

From the american heritage® dictionary of the english language, 5th edition..

• noun An evil or mischievous spirit; a hobgoblin.
• noun A cause of annoyance or harassment.
• noun A golf score of one stroke over par.
• noun Chiefly British The number of strokes that a good player is likely to need to finish a golf hole or course.
• noun Slang An unidentified flying aircraft.
• noun Slang A detective or police officer.
• noun Chiefly British Slang A piece of dried or semisolid nasal mucus; a booger.
• transitive verb To play (a hole in golf) scoring one stroke over par.

from The Century Dictionary.

• noun See bogie .
• noun See bogy, bogyism.

from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English.

• noun A goblin; a bugbear.
• noun (Golf) a score one stroke over par for a hole; formerly, the definition of bogey was the same as that now used for par , i.e., an ideal score or number of strokes, for each hole, against which players compete; -- it was said to be so called because assumed to be the score of an imaginary first-rate player called Colonel Bogey. Now the standard score is called par .
• noun (Mil.) an unidentified aircraft; in combat situations, such craft not identified as friendly are assumed to be hostile.

from Wiktionary , Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.

• noun archaic The Devil .
• noun An object of terror ; a bugbear .
• noun One of two sets of wheels under a train car.
• noun UK A piece of solid or semisolid mucus in or removed from the nostril .
• noun engineering A representative specimen, taken from the centre a spread of production - a sample with bogey (typical) characteristics.
• noun engineering a standard of performance set up as a mark to be aimed at in competition.
• noun military slang An unidentified aircraft, especially as observed as a spot on a radar screen, and often suspected to be hostile. (Also sometimes used as a synonym for bandit - an enemy aircraft)
• noun golf A score of one over par in golf.
• verb golf To make a bogey.

from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.

• noun an evil spirit
• noun an unidentified (and possibly enemy) aircraft
• verb to shoot in one stroke over par
• noun (golf) a score of one stroke over par on a hole

Etymologies

From the american heritage® dictionary of the english language, 4th edition.

Help support Wordnik (and make this page ad-free) by adopting the word bogey .

He again started sluggishly in the final round, taking bogey from the rough on No. 1 and having to save par from thick grass short of the green at No. 2.

Glover, Barnes lead as U.S. Open heads to Monday finale 2009

Jerry Kelly was at 2 over until he took double bogey from the front of the 14th green, then rinsed one in the pond short of the 15th green for another bogey.

Appleby one up on Woods after rough day at Masters 2007

Paul Casey shot a 72 and was at 5-over 215 with Stephen Ames (73), Justin Rose (73) and Bubba Watson (75), who made a triple bogey from the left side of the ninth green but steadied himself with pars and a lone bogey the rest of the way.

Woods makes move; Baddeley leads U.S. Open 2007

After Woods made bogey from a greenside bunker at No. 18, missing a 10-foot putt, DiMarco still had to make his 5-footer to force a playoff.

USATODAY.com - Tiger sinks DiMarco with birdie in Masters playoff 2005

He reeled off six consecutive pars before taking bogey from a greenside bunker at No. 8.

USATODAY.com - Goosen ganders second U.S. Open victory 2004

Lawrie could have played cautiously, laid up with a wedge on his second shot and then hit another, shorter wedge shot into the green for a certain bogey 5 to secure his win.

Claret Jug back at home 1999

Parry actually led the championship with seven holes to play until he made a triple bogey from the rough on No. 12, which enabled Van de Velde to regain the lead.

Paul Lawrie wins British Open 1999

- U.S. Open champion Lee Janzen was at 4-under until he took a double bogey from the back bunker on the par-3 12th.

Olazabal wins second green jacket 1999

She communist bogey is an American stunt to distract the attention of the people of

Articles written by Nelson Mandela for Liberation, 1955-59 1959

You go through the different floors of that factory and come to where they are making big electrical generators and you see guards around with their rifles because Russia's bogey is that somebody is trying to copy them all the time and steal their secrets.

Our Times Viewed From a World Perspective 1934

Related Words

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synonyms (47)

Words with the same meaning.

• Frankenstein
• Mumbo Jumbo
• combat plane
• enemy aircraft
• fee-faw-fum
• holy terror

hypernyms (4)

Words that are more generic or abstract.

• evil spirit

same context (6)

Words that are found in similar contexts, variants (1), relateds (1).

• double bogey

cross-references (2)

Cross-references, words with the same terminal sound, word visualization.

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johnmperry commented on the word bogey

UK vernacular for US booger

whichbe commented on the word bogey

Evil Booger Intends Harm

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bo•gey

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Meaning of bogeyed in English

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• putting green
• tee (something) up
• tee someone off

Examples of bogeyed

In English, many past and present participles of verbs can be used as adjectives. Some of these examples may show the adjective use.

Word of the Day

‘I know, right?’

said to show that you agree with something that someone has just said

The calm before the storm (Newspaper idioms)

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Meaning of "bogey" in the English dictionary

Etymology of the word bogey, pronunciation of bogey, grammatical category of bogey.

See the conjugation of the verb bogey in English .

WHAT DOES BOGEY MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Definition of bogey in the english dictionary.

The first definition of bogey in the dictionary is an evil or mischievous spirit. Other definition of bogey is something that worries or annoys. Bogey is also a standard score for a hole or course, regarded as one that a good player should make.

CONJUGATION OF THE VERB TO BOGEY

Conditional, words that rhyme with bogey, words that begin like bogey, words that end like bogey, synonyms and antonyms of bogey in the english dictionary of synonyms, synonyms of «bogey», words relating to «bogey», translation of «bogey» into 25 languages.

TRANSLATION OF BOGEY

Translator english - chinese, translator english - spanish, translator english - hindi, translator english - arabic, translator english - russian, translator english - portuguese, translator english - bengali, translator english - french, translator english - malay, translator english - german, translator english - japanese, translator english - korean, translator english - javanese, translator english - vietnamese, translator english - tamil, translator english - marathi, translator english - turkish, translator english - italian, translator english - polish, translator english - ukrainian, translator english - romanian, translator english - greek, translator english - afrikaans, translator english - swedish, translator english - norwegian, trends of use of bogey, tendencies of use of the term «bogey».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «BOGEY» OVER TIME

Examples of use in the english literature, quotes and news about bogey, 4 quotes with «bogey», 10 english books relating to «bogey», 10 news items which include the term «bogey».

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Plan for UK to host thousands of Gaza refugees drawn up by charities

Groups urge government to introduce emergency family reunion scheme modelled on initiative for Ukrainians

A blueprint setting out how Britain could provide refuge to thousands of Palestinians from Gaza has been drawn up by a coalition of charities and groups.

Organisations including the Refugee Council, Safe Passage International, Doctors of the World, Helen Bamber Foundation and City of Sanctuary have raised concerns about the conflict worsening the Palestinian refugee crisis.

They are urging the UK government to introduce an emergency family reunion scheme modelled on the initiative for Ukrainians and carry out out a medical evacuation for people in need of specialist care.

Other actions being called for include the prioritisation of cases of Palestinians and Israelis already in the UK asylum system, along with facilitated travel for UK nationals and those with the right to enter the UK.

Enver Solomon, chief executive of the Refugee Council, said the UK must be ready to play a role in the refugee crisis.

“As the conflict worsens the number of Palestinian men, women and children displaced and those facing grave danger will only increase,” he said. “People who aren’t secure and safe in their homes need access to safety and the UK must be ready to play a role by implementing a package of emergency measures at short notice.”

Meetings are to be sought with the UK government about the proposals, which are set out in a briefing paper by the Refugee Council and supported by the other organisations. They build on approaches taken by the British government in response to the conflict in Afghanistan and Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, which resulted in thousands taking refuge in Britain under resettlement schemes.

They also echo a call made last week by the veteran Labour peer, Alf Dubs , for a permanent scheme that the UK could turn to when emergency situations arise.

Solomon said: “Responses to recent major conflicts have resulted in different schemes for different nationalities, all with separate and often complex eligibility criteria and unclear funding regimes. Instead of this ad hoc and inconsistent approach, a standard set of measures to provide safe passage to those who need it should be operationalised as and when a crisis warrants such a response.”

The proposals stress that the package of emergency measures must also work alongside an asylum system that processes people’s claims in a fair and effective way, and safe routes into the UK.

“Those safe routes should include a bold and ambitious multi-year resettlement commitment, wider family reunion pathways, and the piloting of a refugee visa that allows people to travel safely in order to apply for asylum in the UK,” it adds.

The organisations envisage that the plans would be subject to security vetting. In the case of a proposed family reunion scheme – under which people affected by the conflict could join family members in the UK – applications would be submitted online by a UK-based family member.

Calls for a UK resettlement scheme for Palestinian refugees have been made in parliament by the leader of the Scottish National party’s Westminster leader, Stephen Flynn, who made a direct appeal to Rishi Sunak during prime minister’s questions.

Sunak did not address calls for a resettlement scheme, but did say the UK was “one of the most significant contributors to the United Nations’ efforts to support Palestinian refugees”.

Robert Jenrick, the immigration minister, brushed off calls for a specific scheme for Palestinians when asked about the idea on Sky News’s Sunday Morning programme, saying the priority was getting British nationals out of Gaza.

“We already have a global scheme, which is operated by the United Nations on our behalf and they choose individuals,” he said. “The idea of the cap is that we consult local authorities across the country, better understand what capacity there is, and if there is further capacity then think about increasing a scheme like that so that more people can come.”

Pressed over whether there might be a specific scheme for Palestinians, he said: “At the moment, priority is simply to get the British nationals out of Gaza and to ensure there is as much humanitarian relief there. That’s the first step.

“It’s quite a long way ahead before we could reach the point where we might be able to see more people leaving Gaza. At the moment Egypt, for example, is not willing to admit refugees, and we understand the reasons behind that.”

The number of internally displaced people across the Gaza Strip is estimated at around 1 million, according to United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, a UN agency working with Palestinian refugees.

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What does jihad mean and why wasn't a pro-Palestine protester arrested for chanting the word?

The Metropolitan Police stance created an apparent clash with the government.

Home affairs reporter and feature writer @Henry_Vaughan

Monday 23 October 2023 22:30, UK

The Metropolitan Police's decision not to arrest a man filmed chanting words including "jihad" at a pro-Palestine protest over the weekend has put the force apparently at odds with the government about what crosses the line between legitimate protest and breaking the law.

The force said specialist counterterrorism officers had not identified any offences arising from the clip showing a demonstration by the Hizb ut-Tahrir Islamist group, which was separate to the main rally.

But Home Office minister Robert Jenrick said chanting the word on London's streets is "inciting terrorist violence", while the home secretary challenged Met commissioner Sir Mark Rowley over the force's response to the incident.

Politics live: Sunak announces £20m aid for Gaza

What does jihad mean?

As the Met pointed out, the word, although sometimes associated with terrorism, has "a number of meanings", which include struggle or effort but also holy war.

Nick Aldworth, former counterterrorism national co-ordinator, said: "That word has had an affiliation to terrorists, but actually has an enormous amount of legitimacy in the Islamic faith."

Shaykh Ibrahim Mogra, an imam in Leicester, said the word in Arabic means to "struggle" or to "strive" and has two strands.

He explained that greater jihad is an everyday struggle "to improve yourself, to be a better human being, a better Muslim - kind, caring, peaceful".

"What is the solution to liberate people from the concentration camp called Palestine?" "Jihad! Jihad! Jihad!" From the Hizb ut Tahrir demonstration pic.twitter.com/Ba5CfkiOsy — Harry's Place (@hurryupharry) October 21, 2023

"The lesser jihad is where you pick up a weapon and fight alongside your fellow Muslims or the group that's fighting in self-defence or to remove an injustice or oppression," he said.

But there are a number of rules about a military jihad, which can only be called for by a Muslim ruler or Khalifa who is ruling according to the Sharia, or Islamic law.

"The rules include the killing of civilians not being permitted, religious buildings cannot be targeted and prisoners of war must be treated humanely," said Mr Mogra.

"Sadly, the word jihad has been so grossly misunderstood as it's portrayed in the media and public discourse, even as it's expressed by Muslim people from time to time, where none of the conditions are being met yet they may want to label that as a jihad when it's anything but."

He said jihad is a "very noble thing for Muslims where you risk your life or lay down your life to protect others or liberate others," but added: "No individual Muslim in this country can call for a jihad because that's not for us as UK citizens to do."

Why wasn't the protester arrested and charged?

The Met said specialist officers had assessed the video and did not identify any offences, while specialist Crown Prosecution Service lawyers reached the same conclusion.

"However, recognising the way language like this will be interpreted by the public and the divisive impact it will have, officers identified the man involved and spoke to him to discourage any repeat of similar chanting," the force said in a statement.

What has the response been?

The Met's statement prompted a backlash from some members of the government as well as Jewish groups.

Jewish safety organisation Community Security Trust criticised the force, saying that "in trying to communicate complex and nuanced legal issues" on social media "they gave the impression of legitimising obnoxious and hateful behaviour that may or may not be criminal but nevertheless causes profound concern to British Jews and many other people".

Home Office minister Robert Jenrick said chanting the word on the streets of the capital is "inciting terrorist violence" and should be tackled with the full force of the law, while Suella Braverman used her scheduled meeting with Sir Mark on Monday to ask for "an explanation over the response to incidents" on Saturday.

"There can be no place for incitement to hatred or violence on Britain's streets and, as the home secretary has made clear, the police are urged to crack down on anyone breaking the law," a source close to the home secretary said ahead of the meeting.

What is the law?

According to Jonathan Hall KC, the government's independent reviewer of terrorism legislation, police and prosecutors would have looked at the Terrorism Act as well as public order laws when assessing the incident.

It is an offence to encourage terrorism in this country or abroad and asking for support of Hamas, which was proscribed as a terrorist group in its entirety in 2021, would also be against the law.

But Mr Hall said "it would be quite difficult" to prove that chant "might encourage terrorism", while public order legislation tends to work only if someone "was calling for immediate unlawful violence against people who happen to be present".

Read more: Israeli soldier killed by Hamas fighters in Gaza Hamas fighters carried instructions on how to make chemical weapons, Israeli president claims

Mr Aldworth said in "some contexts people chanting that word could possibly be committing an offence".

But he highlighted the difficulties of policing large crowds in London and said: "When passions are high, do you make it worse by wading in and arresting people and possibly creating violent disorder on the streets of London?

"The wonderful thing about British policing is individual officers are empowered with a great degree of individual discretion about how they deal with those matters."

Are tougher laws needed?

Mr Hall said he was looking to see if the law could be "tweaked" to potentially prosecute similar incidents in the future.

"I would like to see a clear rule that prevents people crying for jihad during public protests about the Middle East," he said. "I don't think at the moment the law does that."

Speaking to journalists after a meeting with Suella Braverman, Sir Mark also suggested that laws around extremism and hate crime should be redrawn .

He said: "The law that we've designed around hate crime and terrorism over recent decades hasn't taken full account of the ability in extremist groups to steer around those laws and propagate the truly toxic messages through social media. Those lines probably need re-drawing."

It's a change he's called for before he took the top job in the Met, when Sir Mark co-authored a report warning that there was a "gaping chasm" in legislation that allows some extremists to operate with "impunity".

He said at the time he was "shocked and horrified by the ghastliness and volume of hateful extremist materials and behaviour which is lawful in Britain".

Labour leader Sir Keir Starmer has also urged the government to look at addressing "gaps in the law" and said: "There's been a huge increase in hate crime in the last couple of weeks, tragically. We've all got a duty to clamp down on hate crime whatever political party we're in.

"Obviously, the police are independent operationally, so these are decisions for them.

"I think there have already been identified some gaps in the law in a previous review under this government and I think the government needs to look at whether there are gaps in the law that need to be addressed as well."

But Downing Street indicated police are unlikely to be given further powers .

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The prime minister's official spokesman said: "We do believe the police have extensive powers in this space and we will continue to discuss with them so there is clarity and agreement about how they can be deployed on the ground."

Asked if there are any plans to give police more powers, the spokesman said: "I'm not aware of any, no."

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