how to become a yacht captain in canada

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How to Get a Job as a Yacht Captain

Kate got her start in the yachting industry working as crew. She spent five years cruising the Bahamas, Caribbean, New England, and Central America, then segued that experience into a career in marine journalism, including stints as editor of  Dockwalk  and  ShowBoats International .

The role of a captain is cut out for those with a deep love of the sea and who don't shy away from responsibility. If you’re an experienced first mate or a bosun itching to take the helm, here’s everything you will need to become a yacht captain...

The most common path to a yacht’s wheelhouse is by rising through the ranks in the yachting industry, starting on deck and building sea time, gaining boat handling and geographical experience, and accruing licenses. But even after the golden ticket is earned — that 500GT or 3,000GT Master license — you’ll find there is more to getting the job than the piece of paper. Most rising crew will get the ticket before they are ready to assume the responsibility. Here is what crew agents and yacht owners have to say about what it takes to be a superyacht captain...

What is a Yacht Captain?

Simply put, a captain runs the vessel, in some ways like a CEO runs a business. He or she shoulders all the responsibility on board and reports directly to the owner or their representative. “The successful captains are all excellent leaders, able to set a common goal for their crew, and ensure motivation despite arduous seasons and long hours,” says Deborah Blazy, who, as general manager of Lighthouse Careers in Valbonne, France (near Antibes), specializes in placing captains. “Important character traits are to remain calm at all times but also to have the right sprinkle of charisma to keep crew morale and standards high.”

What Does a Yacht Captain do?

Driving the boat is just a small part of a captain’s job — many say the easiest part. Captains also hire and manage all other crew on board, plan and execute voyages around the owner’s and charter guests’ expectations, organize repairs and maintenance, control costs, and adhere to all international, flag, and port state regulations — all while providing personable, first-class service, and maintaining the highest levels of safety.

So the role requires a captain to be much more than a navigator; he or she is also part project manager, accountant, mechanic, human resources manager, concierge, and, most of all, chief problem solver. As Blazy puts it, they should have knowledge of the perfect anchorage, but also “have a direct dial to the most prestigious restaurants and be able to book the prime tables last minute.”

On smaller vessels, the captain will pitch in to assist in all roles on board, from changing the oil to washing the dishes. On larger yachts it is much more of an administrative position.

• M/Y Artefact: On Board with Capt. Aaron Clark

What Qualifications Do I Need to Become a Yacht Captain?

The captain must hold a license that is commensurate with the gross tonnage of the vessel and approved by the flag state. In addition, the yacht’s insurance company needs to be comfortable with the candidate’s experience and license and approve the hire. This is understandable when you consider that the underwriter is the biggest financial stakeholder in the vessel — on the hook for the cost of repairs or settlement if the captain makes a mistake.

Here are the licenses you will need to hold to become a yacht captain:

Vessels < 200GT

• RYA Yachtmaster Offshore (with Commercial Endorsement)
• or RYA Ocean Certificate of Competence (with Commercial Endorsement)
• or IYT Master of Yachts < 200T
• or MCA STCW Master (Yachts) < 200GT
• or USCG Operator Uninspected Passenger Vessel License (OUPV/Six-Pack) < 100GT (U.S. Green Card holders can apply)
• or USCG Master Inland/Near Coastal < 100GT (U.S. citizens only)
• or USCG Master 200 Ton Oceans (U.S. citizens only)

Vessels < 500GT

• MCA STCW Master (Yachts) < 500GT Certificate of Competence
• or USCG Master 500 Oceans or Near Coastal (U.S. citizens only)

Vessels < 3000GT

• MCA STCW Master (Yachts) < 3000GT Certificate of Competence
• or MCA Merchant Navy STCW Master < 3000GT
• or USCG Master 1600GT (U.S. citizens only)
• or USCG Master 3000GT (U.S. citizens only)

Vessels > 3000GT

• MCA STCW Master (Unlimited)
• or USCG Master Unlimited Oceans or Near Coastal (U.S. citizens only)
• or Marshall Islands Master of Yachts Unlimited

When it comes to the USCG licensing, Capt. Ted Morley, chief operations officer of Maritime Professional Training (MPT) , notes that it’s “important to make the distinction regarding charter vessels, ocean routes versus coastal, and the number of passengers on board. The waters get murky when you talk about some of the other requirements — such as PSCRB for yachts with lifeboats, DP for vessels that are equipped, ECDIS, ARPA, and a host of other specialty requirements that many Flag and Port states will require of masters on vessels in particular service, areas, or equipment.”  

What Experience Do I Need?

“I think a lot of mates with about five years of demanding sea experience and good work habits have the ability to be great captains,” says one owner, who has three large yachts.

The most important experience is time on yachts, as opposed to other types of vessels. “We have very little luck with a captain looking to join a yacht with zero yachting experience,” says Ian Pelham, director of Preferred Crew, a crew agency in Fort Lauderdale.

The yachting industry is quirky and far removed from the predictability of the commercial world. Pelham gives the example of a cruise ship, as he once ran a fleet personnel department for a cruise line: “A captain on a cruise ship has a number of perks, including a cabin steward who cleans the personal space of the captain, there will be mess stewards who will serve and clean up the crew areas for the officers. Generally there is solid rotation — you know exactly when you are to join and when you heading on vacation. When on vacation you do not get calls from the owner asking where you put the ‘good’ whisky when the cousins were aboard. On a yacht, even the big ones, the captain has to be ready to step in at any level, including cleaning up, to make sure the owner has a great time. Most commercial captains just have not had that kind of experience.”

Blazy adds, “[A commercial captain’s] experience is often best suited to the Passenger Code vessels over 3,000GT, where the duties and working conditions in terms of rotation are often similar. There is, however, a huge learning curve in terms of standards and customer expectations.” She recommends these captains gain experience on yachts before assuming the top role. “For the more junior candidates who are happy to start again from the lower ranks on board the yachts there is a big advantage; often they are bringing great transferable skills and relatively high tickets for the deck teams, and so are able to climb the ranks rapidly. Those with the ability to be flexible in terms of outlook and approach will always do well,” she says.

• The Best Superyacht Wheelhouses in the Business

What Do Owners Want?

“Owners are generally looking for someone who will give them the ultimate holiday experience while making them feel safe on board,” Blazy says.

When it comes to specifics though, each owner will want a captain that precisely fits with their vessel size and itinerary. “Different programs call for different personalities,” Pelham says. “I have seen captains who are extroverts, introverts, confrontational, compromising, joyful, serious, etc., who have each been very successful in their individual programs. I also believe that this is part of what makes a captain a fantastic fit for one program and a complete miss on another.”

Despite being some of the wealthiest people on the planet, most yacht owners care deeply about the costs, so financial accountability is a big part of being a successful captain.

“It’s a big responsibility for the captain to take care of the owner’s large asset. Good common sense is required,” says one large-yacht owner. “Fuel costs and dockage fees need constant awareness. Transiting the yacht at 12 knots instead of 22 knots from Nassau to Lauderdale protects the owner’s assets. Of course there are some owners who just don’t care about costs, but a majority do!”

This owner also expects his captain to spend time in the yard with the yacht, not consider it vacation time, in order to keep track of the yard’s billable hours, and to have some good mechanical knowledge so they can “withstand the salesmen/ consultants suggestions about replacing everything on your yacht.”

• M/Y Florentia: On Board with Capt. Andrea Franci

How Much Does a Captain Earn?

With the stress of responsibility comes monetary reward. A captain can earn an excellent salary, with longevity and vessel size generally having the biggest influence on just how excellent that salary is. But just as the yachting industry is unique, so is each boat and what it pays.

“(There is) no such thing as average, or industry standard,” maintains Pelham. “My team has placed a captain on a 35-meter paying more than $20,000 per month, day one, and on a 100-meter paying about $8,000 per month, day one. I know of captains earning around $4,000 per month and I know of at least one couple earning $30,000. The pay of the captain is completely dependent on what the owner and the captain both believe it is worth.”

Dockwalk’s Salary Survey does give some good guidelines though. In its most recent 2021 survey, crew agencies provided a range of salaries, from the low end on vessels below 80 feet: $5,000 to $10,000 per month; to the largest vessels over 280 feet: $23,000 to $28,000 per month. Numerous captains working on yachts from 60 to 179 feet also shared their salaries and the average from their responses in each vessel size category fell right in the middle of the range given by the agencies.

What is the Best Way to Land that First Position?

“Finding your first captain role is no easy task. There is always the stigma attached that you have not done it before and so are you capable?” Blazy says.

Pelham seconds this: “Our clients love to see that the captain has already done what they want them to do next. If the yacht is 50 meters, they want to see 50 meters on the CV. If they are planning a circumnavigation, they want to see a circumnavigation in their history,” he says.

• Where Next? Career Advancement for Yacht Captains

Of course, that isn’t good news for anyone looking for his or her first captain role. Pelham recommends emphasizing the experience on your resume that matches where you want to be. “Think about what you did as a mate on your previous yachts. Then pick those things that you will be doing as a captain on your next yacht, and highlight those aspects,” he says.

Blazy says the most common path on the bigger yachts is when the chief officer grows into the junior captain role, “moving forward steadily in terms of drive time and responsibility, covering for the senior captain while he is away. There is a mix of confidence and humility that is at play, and the timing will depend on the individual person and the owner’s expectations.”

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Why Obtaining Your Captain‘s License Is Essential

How to get your captain's license and pilot your own yacht.

If your boat is longer than 9 metres, without a skipper’s or captain’s license, you cannot legally take it out to sea.

That kind of defeats the purpose of owning a boat, right?

Earning a captain’s license and being able to confidently pilot your own yacht will be your passport to traversing our planet’s beautiful oceans. You will have the freedom to explore the seas to your heart’s content without a care in the world.

Getting the right certification for your requirements, be it a Day Skipper , Coastal Skipper , Local Waters Skipper or Yachtmaster Offshore Certificate of Competence , will allow you and your sailing companions to get the most out of your yacht and enjoy it to the maximum.

Become a yacht captain by acquiring your captain's license

If you already have significant sailing experience, you may want to go the self-study route and simply take your exams at an accredited sailing school.

If you are new to the world of sailing, you’ll want to choose a reputable sailing school. They should provide you with the necessary practical and theoretical training to confidently captain your yacht.

Here are the various Certificates of Competency (COCs) or 'Captains Licenses'

• Inland Waters Skipper

If you hold this license, you will be qualified to skipper a sailboat inland during day and night.

• Day Skipper

This skipper’s license will qualify you to captain a sailboat at sea in local waters from sunrise to sunset. Local waters are defined as 15 nautical miles, or 25 miles, from your home port, given that they are no more than 15 nautical miles from an approved safe haven.

• Local Waters Skipper

Holding this license, you will be qualified to skipper a sailboat at sea by day or by night in local waters, as defined for the Day Skipper’s license set out above.

• Coastal Skipper

A Coastal Skipper‘s license will qualify you to skipper a sailboat on any coastal passage, as long as it is within 40 nautical miles of the coast, day or night.

• Yachtmaster Offshore

A Yachtmaster Offshore skipper’s license will qualify you to captain a sailboat on any extended or ocean passage.

• Yachtmaster Ocean

A Yachtmaster Ocean certificate is a badge of honour, indicating that you have mastered celestial navigation.

To sail around the world, you will need a captains license!

You will need your international accreditation through the Royal Yacht Association or International Yacht Training if you wish to skipper a yacht or superyacht as a career.

International Certificate of Competence

If you plan to sail your yacht around the world, you’ll have to obtain an International Certificate of Competence (ICC) . The ICC has been likened to an international driver’s license for boats.

If you have your sights set on the waters of Europe and the Mediterranean, you will need an ICC to do so legally. However, it is essential to note that the US and Canada have different international captain license requirements and do not recognise the International Certificate of Competence.

You will have to contact a Royal Yachting Association affiliate to obtain an ICC in North America.

COCs - start your captain's license from the beginning

The various Certificates of Competence are progressive, so it makes sense to start with your Day Skipper’s license , and progress to your Yacht master Offshore captain’s license from thereon.

An important consideration to keep in mind is that the Certificate of Competence you select will very much depend on your individual needs and circumstances.

For example, the requirements for a Recreational Sailing Certificate of Competence differ from a Commercial Sailing Certificate of Competence . So, your motivation (recreational, commercial or professional international sailing) will determine which skipper training course you select.

There are also some necessary prerequisites that have to be met before any sailor can apply for skipper’s license training. They are:

•   All candidates must be at least 16 years of age
•   For ocean sailing, candidates need a radio operator’s certificate valid for operating a marine VHF radio in South Africa
•   All candidates will have to pass a basic eye test. If you are colour blind, you will not be able to proceed past the Day Skipper Certificate of Competence
•   Candidates for the Coastal Skipper Certificate of Competence and above must have a current and valid Level 1 First Aid Certificate
•   All candidates will have to produce a logbook of experience to get their qualification. The required expertise to be logged varies depending on the certification course.

Here you will find lots of information on the various sailing Certificates of Competence (or skipper tickets, as they are also known) available to you.  

Just keep in mind that such certificates (and what they will legally qualify you for) vary from country to country.

If you are a non-SA citizen, you will have to research your country’s legal requirements for the various sailing Certificates of Competence.

How long does it take to become a yacht captain?

This will depend on the skipper’s course you decide on. To obtain certification in basic sailing skills is quite affordable and could take as little as three weekends to complete.

Courses like the Yachtmaster Ocean Certificate of Competence are much more comprehensive, intensive and costly. This course takes about 17 weeks to complete.

Why getting your skipper’s or captain’s license will be worth every cent

Unless you have a sailing crew (including a qualified skipper) at the ready, it will be absolutely worth your while to obtain the necessary credentials to skipper your yacht yourself.

South Africa has many reputable, accredited sailing schools. They can provide you with all the information and training you need to obtain the captain’s or skipper’s license that is right for your requirements.

Undergoing the necessary practical and theoretical training will give you all the knowledge and experience to sail your boat with confidence.

What’s more, your skipper’s license training is likely to be an exhilarating adventure in itself.

 It is also an excellent way to meet other sailing enthusiasts who might just become friends for life.

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How to Become a Boat Captain in Canada

Ship’s Captain is as much a dream job as it is a job of the future. Boating around the world and constantly interacting with diverse cultures, the sea captain remains, in the popular mind, a profession of excellence. Although this image of “captain” reigns supreme in our minds, we tend to overlook the complex and competitive path that aspiring captains must face.

In this article, discover the different steps to become a boat captain in Canada.

What does a boat captain do?

By rank within the Navy, a ship’s captain has various duties and responsibilities. Often starting with a navigation officer’s license or as a deck officer, they learn the basics of their future job as captain. This includes learning about the different parts of a boat , nautical safety equipment , navigation tools such as the magnetic compass , as well as safety maneuvers.

Beyond that, once a boat captain has completed their training, they become the sole master on board the boat they sail, regardless of the type of vessel. They must then command ships, ensure the safety of passengers and crews, and make all decisions that apply to a specific situation.

For a quick comparison, the captain is the equivalent of a company director making all the decisions in order to maintain the successful operation of the company.

What skills and qualities does a boat captain need?

Beyond knowing where port and starboard  are, a captain must possess certain essential qualities:

• Enjoy traveling and working internationally, with a good command of foreign languages
• Have an interest in marine sciences and professions
• Have a good capacity for analysis, synthesis, autonomy and problem solving
• Have good observational, organizational and leadership skills
• Be dynamic, enthusiastic and disciplined
• Be able to work under pressure and stress in order to make the best possible decisions in any situation

In this job, a ship’s captain must be adaptable and have great confidence in their skills. These are the reasons why it is so difficult to obtain a cruise ship captain’s license, and similar rank, even though the demand remains high.

Boat captain job outlook

By obtaining the rank of captain, lieutenants and midshipmen reach the highest rank of the profession. The future prospects, as we can understand them, concern especially the salary progression, which on average tends to be $100,000 per year in Canada.

What sectors can I work in as a boat captain?

There are four sectors and sub-sectors you can expect to work in as a captain:

• Merchant Marine
• Canadian Coast Guard
• Armed Forces
• Passenger Transportation

Training to become a ship captain

To become a ship captain, it is necessary to obtain both formal academic training and gain personal experience in the profession.

Academic streams

Various degrees and certifications are required to obtain a captain’s license and the first of these is a college degree in navigation. This first step allows candidates to pick up the scientific and mathematical basics that are essential in the profession. They will learn the basics of chart reading as well as the various emergency maneuvers (for example, how to deploy different types of boat anchors ).

Once the basics are learned, midshipmen will also be required to complete 12 months of sea training as an officer of the watch, second officer, and first officer in the merchant marine. In order to progress, each grade will be tested at the end of each year of the college diploma. The goal is to apply the theory learned throughout the certification. Once the officer’s certificate is obtained, the midshipman can start his career as a navigation officer (2nd lieutenant).

It is also possible to complete a Bachelor of Technology in Nautical Sciences offered by the Canadian Coast Guard College. Divided between theory and time at sea, the training program offers a more professional approach to the theoretical, mathematical and scientific bases. Contrary to the college diploma, the bachelor’s degree offers more intensive courses in navigation and ship handling.

Military stream

If you are destined for a military career, the training program offered by the Canadian Forces trains midshipmen to become naval warfare officers. This training is more specialized than the bachelor’s degree. The midshipman will then be directly confronted with the real exercise of their duties, after acquiring the required knowledge and skills. Obtaining the rank of captain is faster.

Other diplomas and bachelor’s degrees lead to becoming an aspiring captain. Other streams include bachelor’s degrees in operations and logistics engineering, or in business administration with a specialization in marine transportation.

Experience in the field

The rank of captain, whether for cruise ships or cargo transports, requires a lot of experience.  The experience necessary ranges towards 10 years of active field experience.

Even if you have obtained all the necessary diplomas and certifications for this rank, you will have to progress by passing through as deck officer, towards chief of watch, and other levels. The goal is to gain as much experience as possible, either in the different nautical trades or vessels or the one that really interests you.

Internships, summer work and continuing your theoretical training by taking Transport Canada  exams are all ways to gain new knowledge.  Without personal experience in the field, you are unable to become a ship captain.

Entry-level positions are possible

If you aspire to be a captain of a ship, don’t hesitate to start at the entry-level. The path to becoming a captain is tenuous and requires hard work. Don’t forget about the prospects for the future and for increasing your skills, because these can become opportunities.

Don’t neglect your first job and invest in it as if it will become your permanent position. The skills and experience that you will acquire will be assets that you will be able to put to good use when you change positions or grades.

Start your career with National Boating Safety School

Becoming a boat captain takes time and experience. Being a competitive profession, all experience and training is helpful in achieving your dream job. That’s why we offer the Transport Canada-approved online boating exam  preparation boater safety course .

Register for the boating course now !

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Get a marine pilotage licence or pilotage certificate

From: Transport Canada

In Canada, once a ship enters a compulsory pilotage area, the ship must have a licenced pilot or pilotage certificate holder conduct it through the area. These individuals are experts in their field, they use their maritime experience as well as their in-depth local knowledge of the waterways to ensure that ships travel safely in compulsory pilotage areas.

Transport Canada works with Pilotage Authorities to issue, renew, replace, suspend, and cancel Canadian marine pilotage documents which include licences and certificates. Experienced seafarers can apply for a marine pilotage licence or pilotage certificate by contacting your local pilotage authority:

• the Pacific Pilotage Authority
• the Great Lakes Pilotage Authority
• the Atlantic Pilotage Authority, or
• the Laurentian Pilotage Authority

On this page

Get a pilotage license, get a pilotage certificate, after you apply, replace a document, confirm the status of a document request, return a suspended or cancelled document, marine pilotage medical requirements, marine pilotage modernization.

• Canadian Marine Advisory Council – Marine Pilotage

You can earn a pilotage licence through an apprenticeship with a pilotage authority. For more information on apprenticeships please visit the pilotage authorities’ websites.

Once you complete your apprenticeship, the pilotage authority will submit your application for a pilotage licence to Transport Canada for review and issuance.

If you are a regular crew member on a domestic ship and want to pilot the vessel through a compulsory pilotage area, you will need a pilotage certificate. To qualify for a pilotage certificate, you need to meet the requirements in the Pilotage Act and General Pilotage Regulation Divisions for the Pacific , Great Lakes , Atlantic , and Laurentian Pilotage Authority Regions. Once you meet these requirements, you can apply for a pilotage certificate through a board of exams or by completing a pilotage certification program that is currently managed by the various pilotage authorities (please see websites for more information).

Once you complete your exam or training program, the pilotage authority will submit your application for a pilotage certificate to Transport Canada for review and issuance.

We’re currently developing a National Pilotage Certification Program . This program will ensure a consistent approach to certification across all compulsory pilotage areas in Canada.

Processing time

We process applications in the order they arrive. The service standard is 5 business days to process an application. If your application is incomplete, it may take longer to process while waiting for required documentation.

To check the status of your application please email [email protected] with:

• your Candidate Document Number (CDN), and
• the area you applied for

If you need to replace a pilotage document, please email: [email protected]

Confirm the validity of a document via the Seafarer Certificate Database .

If you have questions or need something verified, please email: [email protected]

Canadian law gives Transport Canada the power to suspend or cancel a pilotage document. If you have questions about a document being suspended or cancelled, please email: [email protected]

A licence or pilotage certificate that is suspended or cancelled shall be returned as soon as possible to the Minister either by returning it to a Marine Safety and Security Office service centre or by mailing to the following address:

Transport Canada AMSP- Pilotage 330 Sparks Street 8th floor, Tower C Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0N8

The medical requirements for an applicant or holder of a pilotage document are provided in the General Pilotage Regulations  Part 1.

The application and maintaining qualification processes are taking into consideration evolving technologies. Research is underway to integrate marine pilotage into the Seafarer Services Application and future proposals will be available for public input at the National Canadian Marine Advisory Council meetings.

Canadian Marine Advisory Council - Marine Pilotage Licences and Certificates 

Updates regarding requirements for applicants or holders of a Marine Pilot Licence or Pilotage Certificate are presented at the National Canadian Marine Advisory Council (CMAC) meetings. Past councils on the topic of Marine Pilotage Licensing and Certification can be accessed on the CMAC website.

Fall 2023  

Spring 2023

Email: [email protected]

Transport Canada / Transports Canada AMSP- Pilotage 330 Sparks Street / 330 rue Sparks 8th floor, Tower C / 8ie étage, Tour C Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0N8

Related links

• Oceans Protection Plan
• Pilotage Act
• General Pilotage Regulations
• Pilotage Act Review Final Report – April 2018
• Establishing a National Pilotage Certification Program
• Application for a licence or pilotage certificate (Form 82-0791)  
• Testimonial of Pilotage Training Trip for an Atlantic Pilotage Authority Pilotage Certificate Applicant (Form 82-0809)
• Transport Canada Region Service Centres
• Seafarer Certification Services Modernization  

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Yacht crew salary guide

Leading from the helm as a Captain is undoubtedly one of the most fulfilling and rewarding career paths in the superyacht industry.

The Captain holds the most senior position onboard a yacht and the one responsible for the overall operation of the yacht, the safety of its crew, owners and guests. It’s an all-encompassing position where excellent navigational capabilities are coupled with a high level of administrative and managerial skills.

The role differs depending on the size of the yacht, its usage and its cruising itinerary. Captains on smaller yachts need to be hands-on problem solvers and multitaskers. Under 35m, for example, the Captain’s position also encompasses the role of an Engineer, whilst on larger yachts the Captain has dedicated teams and Heads of Departments under their command.

What does a yacht Captain do? | Yacht Captain Job Description

Commanding the yacht and navigating safe passages across the oceans is just a small part of a Captain’s job. A yacht Captain is also in control of overall safety, crew management, budgeting, administration, refit projects, voyage planning and adhering to all international maritime regulations (ISM, MARPOL, SOLAS).

The responsibilities of a yacht Captain include:

Safe navigation and operation of the yacht

Ensuring that the yacht is in all respects compliant with the relevant laws and regulations

Ensuring that the yacht is prepared for annual flag surveys, annual class surveys and port/flag state controls

The setting of budgets and budget management

Hiring, leading, appraising and dismissal of crew

Overseeing the maintenance of the vessel

Ensuring legal and regulatory compliance

Managing yacht refits and surveys

Managing fuel costs and dockage fees

Being an ambassador for the yacht, hosting and entertaining guests as required

Voyage planning

Soft and hard skills required to be a yacht Captain

Successful Captains are excellent leaders, able to set a common goal for their crew and able to communicate with owners, guests, crew, contractors and brokers alike.

The skills of a successful yacht Captain include:

Excellent leadership, management and diplomacy skills

Excellent yacht handling and navigation

Ability to stay calm in difficult situations

Good grasp of finance and legislation

Excellent communication and interpersonal skills

Organisation and administration skills

How to become a yacht Captain?

Maritime training and sea-going experience is required.  Positions are qualification based, from a Master 200, Master 500, Master 3000 and up to a Captain Unlimited. Training may be completed in a National Maritime Academy, a university or a specialised Sailing School.

Mandatory certificates needed to work on board a yacht 

All crew members regardless of position and seniority need to have a valid STCW Basic Safety Training certificate, along with a recognised Seafarers medical certificate, the most popular being the ENG1 which is issued by an MCA (Maritime and Coastguard Agency) professional medic. 

Without these two certificates, it is not possible for crew to work on board a yacht and a Recruiter will not be able to assist you in finding work onboard a yacht. For more information about mandatory certificates please visit our Mandatory Certificates Guide .

Are you ready to secure a Captain position on board a yacht?

Become a member of YPI CREW and connect with our recruiters so they can guide you through your job search. 

Each of our recruiters is specialised in crew placement for a particular department and they will do their best to get you an interview on board a yacht. They will also advise you on how to best present your experience and skills and prepare for a yacht job interview.

YPI CREW TEAM

Ypi crew recruiters in charge of captain recruitment.

Ulrica Lindström

Head of Captain and Officer Department

Captain and Officer Recruitment Specialist

Caitlin Sorrell

Let’s get started. call us on +33 (0)4 92 90 46 10 or email us., our mission, vision and values, mlc 2006 compliance, essential guides, yacht crew positions.

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How to Become a Yacht Captain- An Expert’s Handbook

Do you want to become a yacht captain? Having watched my husband climb the ranks over the past 12 years, I have first-hand experience of seeing what it takes to become a yacht captain.

We started working on a small catamaran in the Seychelles, and today, he is the successful Captain of a world-traveling 50m super yacht.

Becoming a yacht Captain requires a significant investment of time and money, but the reward of commanding your own vessel and crew is immeasurable.

Let’s explore what it takes, including the salaries, necessary skills, and certifications.

Table of Contents

Job Description of a Yacht Captain

The Captain of a superyacht is responsible for the safe navigation of the vessel, the safety of the crew onboard, as well as protecting the environment.

They are the primary source of communication with the yacht owner, guests, and management company.

They also handle all the daily operations of the yacht, including crew management and safety training. The Captain deals directly with management companies, port control, maritime legislation, budgets, accounting, and human resources.

Yacht Captain Salary

The below super yacht Captain salary guideline is based on my personal research using an average of over 10 major yachting platforms:

• 20m-30m: $4000-$7500 p/m
• 30m-40m: $5500-$9500 p/m
• 40m-50m: $8000-$15000 p/m
• 50m-70m: $13000-$19000 p/m
• 70m+: $16500+ p/m

Additionally, with longevity a yacht Captain can also expect to see discretionary annual raises and bonuses.

If they work on a Charter Yacht there will also be charter tips received averaging $2500-$5000 per week of chartering.

Roles and Responsibilities of a Yacht Captain

The job of a Yacht Captain can be compared to that of a CEO, CFO, and COO of a large corporation. The responsibilities are huge.

On a smaller vessel of 35m or less, the captain will need to be more hands-on, and they will likely also be the engineer of the vessel.

However, as the vessel size increases, you will have larger teams and heads of departments to assist in delegating tasks.

Roles and Responsibilities

• Crew Management and training
• Hiring and dismissals of crew
• Human resources
• Accounting and budgeting
• Safe navigation of the vessel
• Safe navigational planning
• Marine and environmental protection
• Vessel maintenance – planning yard work and refits
• Owner and guest liaison
• Planning of guest trips and itineraries
• Ensuring the yacht is compliant with maritime law
• Ensuring the yacht is compliant with all flag state safety regulations

Soft and Hard Skills

When it comes to the question of how to become a yacht captain, besides the required licenses, it is essential to hold certain soft and hard skills:

• Strong leadership skills
• Team management
• A quick thinker and problem solver
• Calm under pressure
• Exceptional communication skills
• Diplomatic in decision-making
• Excellent boat handling skills
• Navigational skills
• Administrative skills
• Organizational skills
• Computer literate
• Strong understanding of maritime legislation

Mandatory Certifications for How to Become Yacht Captain

The license required when identifying how to become a Yacht Captain is dependent on the size/tonnage of the vessel they wish to drive.

Your entry-level Captain license is the Yacht-Master 200 ton. This allows you to drive a vessel of under 200 tons, which is approximately 35m/100ft.

From there, with enough sea time and experience, you can move up towards the Master 500 and then Master 3000 tickets.

If you were to start from scratch, you would first want to look at how to become a deckhand . This will give you all the information and guidance you require before you get to the point when you are ready to start your master’s licenses.

Here is the order in which you would complete your courses:

• ENG1 Medical
• Efficient Deckhand (EDH)
• Yacht-Master Offshore (200ton)
• Yacht-Master Ocean (200 ton)
• OOW (Officer of the Watch)
• Chief Mate 3000
• Master 500 ton
• Master 3000 ton

Yacht Master Offshore 200 ton Limited

Holders of this certificate can Captain a yacht up to 200 gross tons and must be within 150 nm from a safe haven whilst doing so. This course is also required to legally stand watch on a vessel of up to 500gt.

The course consists of theory and practical work and takes 13 days to complete.

Pre-requisites for Yacht Master 200t Limited:

• 3,000 nautical miles while cruising at sea
• 50 days at sea as an active crew member
• 5 days as skipper on vessels less than 24m LOA
• 48 hours on watch at night underway as an active member of a yacht’s crew. During at least six hours of this nighttime experience, the candidate must have acted as the vessel’s captain or watch leader.
• A GMDSS-compliant Marine Radio Operator’s Certificate such as the RYA Short Range Certificate or higher
• All qualifying sea time must be within 10 years prior to the exam

Master of Yachts 200 ton Ocean Unlimited

This certificate allows the holder to be in charge of a commercial yacht of up to 200 gross tons on unlimited voyages.

This comprehensive six-day course on celestial navigation is designed to equip future yacht Captains with the knowledge necessary to navigate the globe using a sextant and air navigation tables.

Additionally, it will enable them to plan, undertake, and manage an ocean passage with confidence.

Pre-requisites for the Master 200 ton Unlimited:

• Before enrolling in the course, candidates must have completed two voyages of 250 miles each or one voyage of 500 miles. The majority of the journey must take place out of sight of land, which means being at least 20 miles away from the shoreline.
• For the qualifying voyage, it is expected to create a passage plan that can be reviewed during the course.

Officer of the Watch (OOW)

In order to obtain the MCA Officer of the Watch (Yachts Less Than 3000 GT) Certificate of Competency, candidates must complete seven distinct modules. These modules are designed to prepare candidates for the MCA oral exam.

Pre-requisites for the OOW:

• IYT Master of Yachts Limited certificate
• A minimum of 250 days of actual sea service
• 115 days can be either sea service, stand-by-service or yard service
• A Completed MCA approved training record book

The 7 modules include:

• Navigation and Radar (15 days)
• General Ships Knowledge GSK (5 days)
• Proficiency in Survival Crafts and Rescue Boats/Advanced Sea Survival (3 days)
• Human Elements and Leadership Management HELM (3 days)
• Global Maritime Distress and Safety Systems (GMDSS)
• Efficient Deckhand EDH (5 days)
• Electronic Chart Display and Information ECDIS (5 days)
• MCA OOW Deck Oral Prep Work (12 days)

Chief Mate 3000GT

After obtaining the Officer of the Watch certification for yachts less than 3000gt, you can apply to the MCA for the endorsement of the Chief Mate (Yachts less than 3000gt) Certificate of Competency. It is possible to apply for both certifications at the same time.

Course Modules include:

• STCW Advanced Fire Fighting (4 days)
• Proficiency in Medical First Aid (4 days)
• Human Elements of Leadership Management – Management level (4 days)

Master of Yachts (500GT)

This certificate is required in order to Captain a yacht of up to 500 gross tons.

Requirements for the course:

• 12 months as a watch-keeping officer with an OOW Certificate
• A valid ENG1

Modules include:

• Stability (5 days)
• Business and Law (5 days)
• Navigation and Radar with ARPA Simulator (10 days)
• Seamanship and Meteorology (5 days)
• Celestial Navigation Refresher and Exam (5 days)
• Proficiency for persons in charge of medical care onboard a ship (4 days)

Master of Yachts (3000GT)

This certificate is required in order to Captain a yacht of up to 3000 gross tons.

The modules for the Master 3000GT are the same as that of the Master 500.  If you pass all the modules and have met the requirements for the Master 3000GT, you can skip the Master 500gt Course and do the exam and oral for the Master 3000GT.

Requirements include:

• including not less than 240 days watch-keeping service whilst holding an accepted OOW Certificate of Competency (CoC).
• All of this service must be completed in vessels of 15m or over in load line length and include 12 months in vessels of 24 m or over in load line length, or 6 months in vessels of 500gt or more.
• A valid ENG1 Certificate

Final thoughts

Most crew don’t anticipate the significant amount of time and money it takes when wondering how to become a yacht Captain.

My advice to you is to start logging your sea time from the very beginning and plan ahead. You don’t want to miss out on opportunities due to not having the required license.

If you are still looking for more detailed information or if you are looking to book a course, head over to the PYT website. They are an MCA compliant training facility with schools in Fort Lauderdale and South Africa.

Good luck on your journey. I hope to see you out in the big blue ocean commanding your own vessel one day.

Hi, my name is Lisa, a Chief Stewardess in the yachting industry with 10 years of experience, as well as 8 years of hospitality experience prior to that. Being in the yachting industry has been a whirlwind of adventure, growth, challenges and some of the best experiences of my life, and I am excited to share my knowledge and experiences with all of you.

Become a Marine Pilot

Pacific pilotage regulations.

• have served not less than 635 days of service in the region as master or as a deck officer while holding a Watchkeeping Mate certificate of competency AND
• have served not less than 365 days of service outside the region as master or as a deck officer while holding a Watchkeeping Mate certificate of competency on a ship of 100 gross tons or more, and have completed 30 familiarization trips as an observer in the Familiarization Program prior to the date of application, OR
• have served not less than 365 days of service in the region while holding a Fishing Master, Third Class certificate of competency on a ship of 25 gross tons or more, and have completed 30 familiarization trips as an observer in the Familiarization Program prior to the date of application.

A full list of educational, examination and sea time requirements to become a marine pilot are available on the Pacific Pilotage Authority web site.

For more information, Pacific Pilotage Authority Canada outlines a detailed list of requirements to become a fully licensed BC Coast Pilot. If you would like to speak to someone in recruitment, contact us at [email protected] or PPA .

Deep local knowledge, spanning generations.

Here's why the Canadian Coast Guard's inshore boat rescue just might be the best summer job ever

Take a look at a day in the life of new coast guard recruits.

Here’s how training for open water search and rescue looks

Social sharing.

This might be one of the better summer jobs: post-secondary students from Newfoundland and Labrador and beyond are patrolling the province's waters to help keep people safe.

The inshore rescue boat student program is organized each year by the Canadian Coast Guard. The selected candidates are extensively trained and then spend their summer working for search and rescue. The coast guard operates 25 inshore boat rescue stations in three regions of Canada: Atlantic, central and western.

Applicants don't need boating experience for the program. Any post-secondary student can apply regardless of program of study. Before the start of the season, applicants attend a three-week training camp where they receive extensive medical training as well as small vehicle operator proficiency and Rigid Hull Inflatable Operator Training. While stationed the students are also under the supervision of senior crew members and coxswains who guide them along the way.

There are two teams that each work a rotation of two weeks on, two weeks off.

Noah Starzomski-Wilson, the coxswain of one of the five-person teams at the Conception Bay station, has been working with the program for four years. It's his job to maintain training standards among the crew so they are ready for anything.

"Regardless if you have an interest in being on the water or not, I think it's one of the best student programs out there," he said. "It is a fantastic opportunity."

Lauren Hollett, who says she had no boating experience before joining the program, is in her third summer working for it.

"It was a completely new experience for me, and I am so thankful for it," she said, adding she loves being able to help the people of her home province.

"This is my home, this is my community, and bringing such a big part of lending a helping hand means a lot to me because I love this province."

The most valuable thing she's learned is believing in herself, she said.

"You're really capable of a lot more than you think you are. If you told me two years ago I'd be a senior crew member in Conception Bay I wouldn't have believed you. Now I am so confident in myself and my skills."

Check out what the work is like by watching the video above.

Download our  free CBC News app  to sign up for push alerts for CBC Newfoundland and Labrador.  Click here to visit our landing page .

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Katherine Crummey works for the CBC bureau in St. John's. She is the Gzowski intern for 2024 in St. John's.

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How to Get Your Captain’s License –A Step-by-Step Guide

From captain requirements to the coast guard application process – how to navigate the process of becoming an official boat captain.

Like all other areas of professional endeavor, getting a Captain’s license is an essential and non-trivial process. Despite the years between my earliest thoughts on having one and actually applying…or perhaps because of that time…I am quite proud to call myself Captain !

From the time I was Quartermaster aboard the Chesapeake Lightship back when she was berthed in Washington, DC, I had wanted to get my Captain’s license. We in her crew had plenty of sea time. The late Capt. Joe Murray, John Hart, and particularly Chris Krusa saw to it that each of us developed our skills and knowledge beyond the minimum that we needed for our jobs.  We met collectively with a Coast Guard officer to explore the options for us all getting licensed; however, the wind was taken out of our sails so to speak when he told us that since most of us were not 18, we were not entitled to take the written exam.

I left that session crestfallen but I put it all behind me as I moved on with a career in research physics. Later, I learned that what the officer SHOULD have said is that if we had just waited (a few months) until we turned 18, we could have taken the exams. Years later, my problem was that I could not meet the requirement to have 90 days of sea time in the last 3 years. My employer would have more than frowned on my having been gone so often. And all of us had not even bothered to ask for sea service forms or letters to document our time on the Chesapeake.

Fast forward 34 years and serendipitous events led to my being able to get signed sea service forms for my time on the Lightship. Shortly thereafter, I became a boat owner WITH vacation time afforded to a very senior engineer in the company.

Long story short, I am Capt. Rob Chichester –  200 Ton Master with Auxiliary Sail and Assistance Towing Endorsements.

Navigating the path to a Captain’s license can be full of the brambles of regulations, forms, and oddly worded requirements. In this article, I will try to clarify the process and help interested skippers decide what type of license, scope, and tonnage they should pursue. Then I will discuss the application process and all the elements needed to assemble a successful license application package.

More Resources: If you would like a one-on-one consultation to have your specific questions answered on this topic or others related to boating, please sign up for 30 minute video consultation with me!

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The basics of a captain’s license.

A first time applicant will need to decide while type of license to pursue. There are two types available to one applying for a new license.

• You may apply for a license to be an Operator of Uninspected Passenger Vessel (OUPV) or the more familiar “Six Pack” license. It is so called because the holder of this license is limited to carrying no more than 6 paying passengers on any vessel within his tonnage rating regardless of the maximum capacity rating for the vessel.
• The other option is a Master’s license which allows you to carry up to the maximum number of passengers indicated for the vessel in question. Whereas a Master’s license requires US Citizenship, an OUPV license holder can be non-US citizen. Clearly holding a Master’s license offers more opportunities; however as I will explain later, the knowledge requirements are appropriately greater.

The scope or route for one’s license is the waters in which you are authorized to function in your licensed capacity.

There are effectively three such areas defined:

• The first is Inland which covers all inland rivers and bays not otherwise outside the demarcation line for the high seas. This may also include portions of the Great Lakes up to the International boundary line. (I will not explicitly discuss the Great Lakes or Western Rivers in this article but those waters are also covered by an Inland scope with a specific endorsement for each.)
• The second route is near-coastal which means ocean waters not more than 200 miles offshore. By extension, a near-coastal route endorsement includes inland waters as well.
• Lastly,  Oceans refers to all waters seaward of the Boundary Lines as described in 46 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 7.

Tonnage rating is determined by the size vessels upon which an applicant has served. The tonnage is not simply the weight or displacement of a given vessel. It is not how much stuff you had loaded on a boat. It is a calculation of theoretical displacement if the complete available interior volume of a ship were filled with material of density 1 (i.e., water).

There are formulas available to estimate that based on the dimensions and type of boat. The calculations are necessarily different for a sailboat and a power boat. On a very rough order of magnitude, a 100 Ton powerboat would be about 80 feet long and a 100 Ton sailboat would be about 100 feet long. The tonnage rating is a not to exceed limitation.

One need not necessarily serve on a 50 ton or 100 ton vessel to earn the equivalent tonnage rating (see the table below for specifics on that). One cannot be granted more than a 100 Ton rating on an initial license because higher tonnage requires that one has served in a licensed capacity before applying for the higher tonnage. When I renewed my license in November, I applied for a 200 Ton rating which was granted conditional to my successfully passing the mandated written test. By the time you read this, I expect to have taken that exam.

Tonnage and route are determined by one’s documented experience. While you may apply for a 100 ton rating, you may only be granted 50 tons (or less) if your experience does not justify the higher rating. Additionally, the greater the scope, the more sea time is required to qualify for the rating.

For example, while an Inland scope needs 360 days of total sea time with 90 days in the last 3 years, a near-coastal scope requires 720 days and again the 90-day recency requirement. The take-away here is that experience is a big determinant and should NOT be discounted in any way. Note that there is no path to being granted an Ocean scope except by being a licensed mate or master for at least 2 years with documented service on those waters. That is, it is impossible to apply for an Oceans scope on a first application.

It should be noted that an OUPV license is automatically issued with a 100 Ton rating. As coarse as this may sound, the reason is that it is assumed that with an OUPV license, the most damage one can do is to 6 people. Therefore, there is no particular benefit to issuing OUPV with varying tonnage ratings. New Master’s licenses are issued with ratings of 25, 50, or 100 tons. Discussions of ratings over 100 tons or Ocean routes are beyond the scope of this article. You may contact the author if you wish more information on those specific topics.

The table below is a guide to determining for what rating one may qualify.

Your Sea Time Experience

For a Near Coastal route, ideally, all of your time will be on Near-Coastal waters; however, you are allowed to substitute up to half of the 720 days required minimum with Inland route service. For the purposes of documenting sea time for a Near Coastal route, any time served beyond the 3-mile limit counts for that purpose. So if you charter in the Caribbean or crew on an offshore fishing trip, that time counts.

Just to be clear, sea time is not counted unless you are a working member of the crew of the vessel named on the sea service form. That is to say, just being a passenger is not sufficient.

To keep things on the up and up, the applicant is required to get the signature of the owner, manager, or master of the vessel on the sea service form. If the applicant owns the identified vessel, proof of ownership must accompany the form. Proof might be a Bill of Sale, vessel document, or a state registration.

Sea time is not counted unless you spend at least 4 hours of a given day underway . Being onboard the boat at the dock swabbing the decks does not count. Time underway is counted whether it is in route or adrift. Being anchored or moored also does not count. It can be tedious to collect and collate all of your sea service forms, especially after the fact. My best advice is even if you are only thinking about getting a license, keep blank sea service forms with you for the vessel operator to sign at the end of a trip. Note that the forms are not per trip but per vessel. There is room to document up to 5 years of sea time on any given vessel. There is room for five years of data because your license will be up for renewal every 5 years .

Technically, vessels over 200 gross tons now require a Service Letter from the employer or vessel manager. However at the time I applied for my original license, I submitted my time on the Chesapeake Lightship on a Sea Service form (CG-719S). That form was accepted for that as well as again when I renewed and requested an upgrade to 200 Tons. I may have been grandfathered so new applicants should verify their individual situations with the National Maritime Center .

Health and Medical

To be a Captain, one must be in good health and of reasonable physical ability. The Medical form ( CG-719K ) is the most extensive form one will need to complete. It also requires the signature of a licensed physician. Unlike an FAA pilot’s license, the physician need not be approved by the US Coast Guard. Your family doctor is acceptable.

For my part, I completed as much of the form as was reasonable. I then FAXed the form ahead of my annual physical so that the doctor could review what was needed and to be prepared to sign off on it. The only extra thing the doctor had to do was conduct color vision and standard wall chart vision test. Your vision need not be perfect without glasses but if that is the case, you should expect a requirement to be written on your license requiring corrective lenses to be used and a spare pair to be available when on duty. If your medical form is accepted, you will be issued a separate medical form which is to be kept with your Merchant Mariner Credential. There is a pocket on the back cover to hold it and the required Transport Worker’s Identification Card ( TWIC ). The TWIC will be addressed below.

Another form to be completed, this time by an authorized physician, is the DOT five-panel drug test . An applicant must submit proof of drug testing with no findings as determined by an authorized physician. Also be aware that to work aboard any vessel in any compensated capacity, you must have proof of participation in a drug test program, whether it be one in which you elect to participate as an individual or one required by your marine employer. Such proof is to be carried with you at all times just as your license and medical certificate must be. It is generally in the form of a letter attesting to your compliance and passing a test within 12 months of the date of the letter.

Criminal and National Security Background

One has always been required to agree to a criminal background and driving record check . As you can well imagine, adverse findings in either of these areas will negatively affect one’s application.

With the creation of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), a requirement was added that licensed mariners have a TWIC card . In fact, anyone working in the transportation sector (air, rail, marine, trucking, etc.) is required to have a TWIC card. You will be investigated for any evidence of threat potential to national security. This is because as a licensed Captain, you may have access to vital and strategic marine facilities.

The TWIC card is issued by DHS through a federal contractor. There is an application to complete and a fee to pay. Furthermore, you must appear in person so that your photo and fingerprints can be taken. This bio-metric data is stored on the TWIC card and protected by a pass code. You must submit a copy of your TWIC with your license application; therefore, one must start the TWIC process at least four to six weeks or more before submitting one’s license application.

Separately, a photograph of the applicant must accompany the application. This can be a driver’s license or passport photo . It should be a state or federal government issued document. Others may be accepted but the applicant should verify this with the NMC before submitting the application to avoid processing delays.

• Coastal Navigation
• Deck General Knowledge
• Rules of the Road

Deck General includes a wide variety of topics including fire and safety, terminology, and laws and procedures. Rules of the Road covers exactly what it says. Bear in mind that even if you are applying for an Inland or Near Coastal license, the Rules of the Road test will include elements of International Rules. So when you are studying, do not neglect to familiarize yourself with those details. There are some variations in vessel precedence, sound signals, and lights and shapes displayed by vessels.

If you are applying for a Master’s license, there are additional areas of test. The same is true if you are additionally requesting an endorsement for Sail, Auxiliary Sail, or Commercial Assistance Towing. The net effect is more questions overall.

You must score at least 70% in all areas except Rules of the Road for which you must have a minimum score of 90% to pass . Generally, that means you may miss no more than 3 questions to pass with a 90% grade. The Navigation questions will require you to work with a chart to plot position, routes, and so forth.

You may either pay an examination fee to take the exams administered by the Coast Guard or you may enroll in any number of approved Captains’ courses. You will receive a certificate of completion from the school to submit with your application in lieu of the Coast Guard exams; however, you will still take exams which include questions from the same list of questions that the Coast Guard uses. In the latter case, you will not need to pay an examination fee but obviously, you will have to pay a tuition for the course.

Completing your Application

The license application is not unlike many others. It is actually shorter than the medical form discussed earlier. There are two things to note on the application:

• Item 1 of Section IV describes how one may be asked to serve on behalf of the country in times of national emergency. An example of this was the massive sealift conducted in support of the first Gulf war in the 1980’s, Operation Desert Storm. This is a voluntary action. However it should be noted that during the call up for Desert Storm, more mariners were needed than responded. It is a possibility, particularly in these times, that another such national emergency could arise.
• Secondly, Item 5 of Section IV contains an oath to which an applicant must swear. If you present yourself in person you will be sworn in by Coast Guard personnel. If you choose to submit your application by mail or electronic means, you must provide proof that you appropriately took the oath as written. This generally means being sworn by a Notary or a local government official such as a county clerk.

Payment of all required application and examination fees is made online prior to submitting the application. You will receive a receipt which you should include with your application package. Pay close attention to the various fees and be sure you select all that apply but ONLY those that apply. An error either way will delay processing of your application.

Submitting your Application

When you apply for an original license and especially if you plan to take the Coast Guard exams , you will need to present yourself in person with your complete application package at a USCG Regional Examination Center (REC). Photo ID will be necessary as well.

One thing that happens if you appear in person is that you will raise your right hand and take the oath on the application. That was a very moving moment for me. Delivering your application package in person also allows you to interact with the personnel directly which could be very valuable if there are errors or omissions in your application package.

If you are not taking the Coast Guard exams and if you have been sworn by an authorized official, you may wish to submit your application by mail or electronically. Be aware that electronic submission has a limit on the size of the email attachment. My applications have always been larger than what is accepted by the Coast Guard mail servers.

Waiting for Your License

The Coast Guard has implemented a very good system of tracking your application and providing feedback at every step of the way. You will receive emails as the application moves through the system. It may take up to a week for the REC to review and forward your application to the National Maritime Center (NMC) in West Virginia. That was my experience with the New York City REC. It may be less in smaller, less congested venues.

By the way, you are not required to use the REC nearest to you. If you wanted to fly to Hawaii or Alaska instead of driving into Baltimore, you may do so. A good friend of mine drove from New Jersey to Boston to submit his application there because he heard the processing times were less than for New York.

Once the NMC has your package, the process usually will not take long at all. It is very likely you will receive 2 or 3 emails a day, often within minutes, as the application moves through the various approvals. Nothing beats the feeling you will have when you get the final email saying that you have been approved and your credential is being printed!

My original license took slightly more than two weeks from dropping off my application at Battery Park in New York to finding my MMC in my mailbox.

Once you get your license, look it over thoroughly. You may not necessarily have been granted the scope and rating you requested. Sometimes that reduction will be legitimate. Other times, it may be due to an honest mistake. Both my original and renewals had honest omissions. I was only granted a 50 ton rating on my original license when I had applied for 100 tons. I submitted the sea service form supporting the request for 100 tons after the fact and I received an endorsement sticker for the 100 ton rating a week later. Similarly with my renewal, I asked for an upgrade to 200 tons. My renewal was approved at 100 tons. When I contacted the NMC, they amended the approval and showed that I was then approved to take the required test for the 200 ton upgrade. So my message here is to not necessarily accept the delivered MMC as if it were carved in stone.

More Resources from Captain Rob

Being a licensed Captain is a great source of pride to me. I have enjoyed working with my clients as well as pursuing other commercial opportunities like relief captain jobs on various schooners, water taxi and tow boat jobs, and tour boat and ferry captain work. I look forward to many years of working on and enjoying the water.

If you would like a one-on-one consultation to have your specific questions answered on this topic or others related to boating, please sign up for 30 minute video consultation with me!

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Capt. Rob Chichester

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24 Comments

Hi, I am hoping you can help me out. I am a USCG vet that was stationed at a small boat station in NJ from 1983-1989. I am trying to get my sea time documented but I am having a very hard time finding out how to do that since the station records were not computerized at that time. I have contacted the NMC and they told me to call the station to get an Abstract of Operations report. They just laughed at me when I called the station. I have requested info from vetrecs.archives.gov but I am sure that will take some time just to get an answer as to wether they can do that or not. I was wondering if you knew how to go about getting the information that I need. I am sure I am not the only person with this issue and I can’t seem to find anyone that knows exactly how to go about documenting that time.

Thanks Jeff

Thanks for your question. I don’t have a lot of advice for you regarding USCG internal procedures. Perhaps you can contact the Office of Personnel and try to get a copy of your service record. Alternatively, is there anyone at that small boat station who knew you? Would the OIC be willing to write a letter? The last and least likely option would be to fill out your own sea service form and see if anyone there would sign off on it for you. Now the regulations speak of a Certificate of Discharge being acceptable. See for example 46 CFR 10.232 ( https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/46/10.232 ). If you already have that, you might be good to go!

So…start with your Certificate of Discharge and if you don’t have that, then contact the Office of Personnel to see if you can get the requisite documents. Let me know how you make out!

Hi Captain Rob, My name is Elton the 66 year old owner of a small 35 ft. Kingscraft houseboat. I spend a lot of time on one large lake. It is an older wonderful all aluminum vessel but weighs only about 8000 lbs. In the chart the lowest weight rating is 17 tons. I would love to educate myself and become a Captain. Is that possible at some level? I would also have to document my own time as pilot.

Sir, you have open to you both options that I describe in my article. You could pursue either a Master’s license OR an Operator of an Uninspected Vessels license. From what you have written, I see no inherent obstacles. You must be able to document your seatime, get a medical evaluation, and pass the 4 or the 3 parts of the written exam depending on which license you choose to pursue. In any event, you would qualify for an Inland license. Your tonnage rating would also depend on which license you pursue. Solely based on what you have said above, you would qualify for a 50 ton Master’s license. If you pursue an OUPV, that comes with a tonnage rating of 100 tons. For most people, the biggest challenge is acceptably documenting seatime. (It needs all be as captain. You can include time served as master, mate, or crew but NOT as a paying passenger.) If your concern is your age, I know a few captain’s in the 60s and 70s. I am one of the former myself. Good luck!

Capt.Rob I am US Army Veteran And I was wondering if their was a school i could attend to obtain a licence, I ask this because i have to decide what i want to go to school for and this job would be a top pick for me. Any help on this matter would be greatly appreciated thanks

There are MANY captain schools that can help you with the written tests but there are NO schools that can help you with the sea time requirements unless you are considering enrolling in a maritime college like Kings Point or Fort Schuyler in the New York State university system. I used Mariners Learning System for my written tests only because it was more convenient than going to the USCG REC to take the exams.

Where would I get sea service forms . I have owned and operated my own boats for over 30 years and am now being asked to get a captains liscence

There is a link in the article for the National Maritime Center. All the forms you needs can be found on their website. Alternatively, you can search for USCG National Maritime Center with your favorite search engine.

Couple questions. Would working as a divemaster on a dive boat in the Gulf of Mexico count for near coastal sea time? And if you were to have 8 hours of sea time in one day, could you potentially count that as two days at sea? Or would it still be just one day? Thanks for all the info this has been a huge help!

Any time spent aboard a vessel underway counts as long as the owner, manager, or master of the vessel will attest to that. When submitting Sea Service forms, your option for your role aboard the vessel are things like crew, mate, master, engineer, etc. You will need to determine what your position was. Divemaster is not recognized and does not speak to maritime skills necessarily. (For example, you can dive from shore never having been in a boat.) Regarding the near coastal time, you just need to verify that the vessel upon which you served was indeed in near-coastal or ocean waters. The form has spaces for days spent within the specified boundaries and outside those boundaries. I once saw an interactive chart online for finding the boundary lines in a given area. For your purposes, you cannot count 8 hours as two days underway. You need a MINIMUM of 4 hours underway to count that day. Being at anchor or otherwise moored or secured does not count. Good luck!

Capt. Lots of good and helpful info. I boated the Chesapeake for 10+yrs, from the Delaware bay to Virginia in a 27′ cruiser. i’ve not been on the water since 2012. So to be clear, I need to acquire some time on a charter vessel to even attempt the basic “6-pack”. I have my CG boating skills and seamanship certificates,and will work on the CG719S. Living in Florida, lots of opportunity, should have done this sooner !! Thanks

Thank you for your feedback. I am glad you found the article helpful. Apart from documenting your sea time, I found the most labor intensive aspect was verifying that a) I had all the documents that I needed and b) I had correctly completely all of the USCG forms. A lesser challenge may be in determining what correct application fees are. If you are not sure, contact USCG NMC by phone, email, or online chat to get clarification on what fees you have to pay. Good luck!

This is great info..

I am starting out (hopefully) as a plan is due to new lifestyle i desire to get an two oceans open ocean 800 expedition catamaran (again very expensive so fingers crossed) but the plan is while the vessel is being built, i can take several classes and get a few certifications prior to launch, then as life you see everywhere on youtube for example have the vessel at dock, then day trips, then a week trip and just push it a little further until you are ready for the maiden voyage, really looking to live off anchorage in around the philippines / guam area mostly philippines or south pacific area, mostly friends and family but my question is any licence for that type of boat, and also if you have heard of any schools in the philippines? I know they have a few courses that are completely certified like any american school but a fraction of the cost, just curious if any particular licence i need to get or have?

You did not say whether you intended to take passengers for hire. Generally, one only needs to be licensed if you are getting paid to carry passengers OR if you working in more advanced maritime fields like tug boats and large cargo vessels. If you are only operating your private vessel for your own personal or recreational purposes, you usually do not need any kind of license other than possibly taking a multiple choice test on local safety rules and rules of the road. I am not familiar with the licensing requirements in foreign venues like the Philippines. Each nation has its own requirements. I was able to find information at this link: http://www.marina.gov.ph/policies/MCs/mc170.pdf . You may find some useful information in that document.

Good luck! And safe sailing…

Your information was helpful, thank you. I have decided to pursue getting my License but I am starting from scratch. Should I take classes before looking to get sea time? And how does one go about getting sea time with no experience?

Any course work you take will typically culminate in a certificate of completion. However that certificate will only be valid for 1 year. Therefore, do NOT take any exams more than about 6 months prior to submitting your original license application. As for sea time, you can look for marine work that does not require a license like deck crew on water taxis or excursion boats. Time spent on a friend’s boat counts. Have that friend complete and sign a sea service form. Sea time never expires and can be counted from the age of 15. Learn your rules of the road and learn to feel your vessel. Driving a boat is a lot different from driving a car. As a licensed captain, you are expected to step up to the helm and handle the ship with relatively little training time. Good luck!

Great article, thanks for writing it! Does time spent aboard a recreational boat that I own, when I am the only person aboard, count towards sea time? If so how do I document that – there’s no one to sign for the time. Thanks again.

Time spent on your own boat absolutely counts. You would sign the CG-719S Sea Service form yourself where it says Applicant AND where it says Person Attesting to Experience. However, you will have to provide proof of ownership for the vessel. The Bill of Sale is usually what is used but the vessel’s CG document or state registration card should also be sufficient. Remember that seatime is counted only from the age of 15 and it is underway time of at least 4 hours per day. Time on the anchor or alongside do NOT count. The presence of others is irrelevant.

Hi Shane. Sea time is defined as time working aboard in any capacity relevant to the rating you are pursuing. For instance, if you are a bos’n or deck crew, that time it unlikely to count towards a engineer’s license and conversely, time in the engine department or work on mechanical systems would be difficult to apply towards a deck officer’s license. The highest rating one can get on an original (i.e., first) license is 100 Ton Master. It is likely that your Navy time would count; however, your challenge is getting an appropriate service letter from the Navy. You cannot submit a CG-719S for your Navy service as that form is for SMALL VESSEL service. Consult the USCG site at http://www.uscg.mil/nmc for more information. Also note that you may use any valid sea time accrued from the age of 15. Good luck!

Hi Capt. Rob, I have one question rather just some clarification regarding the time at sea, for the tonnage rating. Does “time at sea” mean just that or does it mean operating the vessel. I was in the Navy for several years as an operations specialist and I am not sure what level I would qualify for if I were to pursue getting a Captains license. Also I was wondering how much the entire process would cost.

Hey Rob, Thanks so much for taking the time to write this, it was really very useful to read. This has been on my mind for some considerable time, but I am now finally starting on the road to getting my licence and taking a nautical shift in my career. I have been a sailor all my life, was sailing single handed as soon as I could walk and now own a 38 foot Irwin racer/crusier.

My one big question is online study vs going somewhere to do the required course? I wonder how you gained your licence and what you might recommend?

My issue was primarily NOT wanting to have to take the tests at the NYC REC and to NOT attend intense 8-10 hour weekend classes. I was comfortable with the Rules of the Road and chart navigation issues as well the Deck General material. Since I got a Master’s license (versus the OUPV), there was more legal stuff to know in the category they call Ship’s Business. I did an online course through Mariner’s School in Princeton, NJ. The price was good and the location was convenient for when I did go to take the test.

The bottom line is do what works best for you given what you need to learn or refresh, how much time you have to do it, and where you will need to go to take the final tests.

(Please note that you can submit your application and/or take your tests at ANY REC anywhere. It is not a function of where you live or where you will sail.)

Great article Rob. Thanks for sharing your experience

Thank you for the feedback. Do please let me know if you have any further questions or if I may be of service in some other regard!

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Will new submarines honour Canada’s NATO commitment to increase its defence spending?

Professor of Defence Studies, Canadian Forces College

Disclosure statement

Paul T. Mitchell does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

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Canadian Defence Minister Bill Blair announced at the recent NATO summit that Canada would be purchasing up to 12 conventionally powered submarines.

This would seem to be an acknowledgement by the government on its need to take Canada’s defence more seriously.

But take a closer look and it’s clear this announcement is “business as usual.”

Canada has refrained from creating a large and capable military for strategic reasons . Military spending only tends to increase in the midst of a crisis or under pressure from allies. The submarine announcement is in keeping with this tradition.

Read more: Canada needs to act on its existing defence policy, not review it repeatedly

Weak defence spending

Just three months ago, to great fanfare, Justin Trudeau’s Liberal government announced a Defence Policy Update focused on Arctic defence and signalling that the purchase of new submarines would be “explored .”

Read more: Canada's Arctic defence policy update: All flash, no bang

Since then, Canada has been called out for its weak defence spending plans and its failure to live up to the commitment it made to NATO in 2014 to spend two per cent of its GDP on defence .

The new submarines would boost spending well above that figure. However, the short period of time between May’s policy exploration and the submarine announcement raises suspicions that the subs are simply a get-out-of-jail-free card rather than a carefully considered strategic policy response.

In terms of warfare, Canada has historically played a contributing role rather than serving as a central protagonist. Simply showing up fulfils Canada’s strategic objectives of participating with its allies. How the war is conducted and won rarely figures into the government’s deliberations .

The same is true of the subs announcement. While Royal Canadian Navy staff will work diligently to determine which submarine system Canada will ultimately purchase, the government has no real interest in the matter besides potential local economic benefits. The announcement itself is the strategic objective, which is merely to reassure allies while doing as little as possible on defence.

Simply put, Canada’s bare minimum approach is at odds with the requirements of complex weapon systems like submarines.

Read more: Justin Trudeau and NATO: The problem with Canadian defence isn’t cash, it's culture

‘Harbour queens,’ personnel problems

The Victoria-class submarines have been a considerable disappointment for Canada since they were purchased from the United Kingdom in 1998.

This is not because, as many have alleged , we were fooled by cagey Brits seeking to unload second-rate submarines on us. Indeed, the Victorias sport some of the most advanced systems on board any sub.

Instead, a failure to properly invest in what would make the submarines work — sufficient numbers of project management staff and spare parts, and tighter control over service support with industrial partners — have been the primary problems affecting the success of the Victoria-class vessels.

These deficiencies have made “harbour queens” of our submarines , which in turn have meant few days at sea to train the submariners necessary to operate and manage them.

At the moment, Canada has only five naval officers who are qualified as submarine commanders. One of them is a rear admiral, and two are captains: submarines are typically commanded by lieutenant commanders , two ranks below captain.

Arctic operations

The announcement at the NATO summit makes much of the potential for submarines to contribute to Arctic security. The next generation of submarines is likely to sport “Air Independent Propulsion” (AIP) technology that will enable under-ice operations.

But the biggest naval problem in the Arctic won’t be ice, but distance. There is considerable distance from naval bases in Halifax and Esquimalt, on Vancouver Island in B.C., to the entry points of the Northwest Passage or the sea lines of communication running along the northeast Arctic Ocean areas between Banks and Ellesmere islands. A potential ice-free future will drive up maritime and naval traffic across the top of the globe.

Conventional submarines travel very slowly underwater in order to preserve their battery charge . If Canada hopes to keep a continuous undersea watch on these areas, the proposed 12 submarines will only barely be able to do so.

It make take a month or more for a conventional submarine to get to its patrol destination. And unless it has considerable endurance, the lack of support facilities in the Arctic may mean the sub spends very little time there.

Operational readiness

In the last 20 years, the Royal Canadian Navy has historically managed to keep only one of four boats ready for operations, which would translate into only three of the new 12-boat fleet being ready to use if the current low rates of preparedness persist.

Buying submarines is not like buying a car. Rather, you have to buy the gas station, the service centre, mechanics, and industrial design/engineering facilities to operate them. Canada’s approach with the Victoria-class subs has been to neglect these enabling components , resulting in idle boats in harbour.

An Arctic base for operations, including maintenance and other support functions, would extend patrol time, but would be extraordinarily expensive to build and far beyond what the existing Nanisivik refuelling base on Baffin Island can handle . It would also be difficult to persuade large numbers of naval and fleet maintenance personnel, and their families, to live in such remote and hostile conditions.

Buying new submarines might address Canada’s NATO embarrassments. But given Canada’s historic proclivity to pay little attention to the details of defence planning and administration, 12 submarines may become a gigantic white elephant for a navy already struggling with a personnel crisis and the need to modernize its entire fleet structure .

Beyond the costs for each submarine, significant investment is required in terms of personnel growth, fleet maintenance facilities, logistical infrastructure and project management staff. Absent these investments, we can expect more harbour queens and less Arctic security — in other words, business as usual.

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A Hit-and-Run Driver Killed My Dog. The Penalty? Maybe a $100 Fine.

Chicky was beloved by her whole neighborhood. When she was killed by a speeding Jeep, we confronted a cold reality: Her death was considered a property crime.

By Ginia Bellafante

Ginia Bellafante writes the Big City column, a weekly commentary on the politics, culture and life of New York City.

I had given up wanting a dog sometime around the age of 8 or 9, when I met the resistance of a fastidious mother, whose aversion to pet ownership flowed from her obsession with pristine surfaces. When my son came along — like me, an only child — it seemed cruel to deny him what I came to view as a nonoptional booster shot, a daily jolt of dog love that would supplement the parental variant, giving him another base of attachment in our tiny ecosystem of three. So when he turned 4, a Havanese puppy entered our lives as surely as a box of Duplos.

The runt of her litter, Chicky was also heterochromatic — she had one blue eye and one brown one. With this unusual characteristic came another more mystifying one: a commanding, near Labrador-level energy and presence that defied her size — she was no bigger than a salad bowl — and made her a kind of cult figure in the neighborhood. That sounds like the sort of overstatement common to eulogy, but it isn’t. She walked in front of a pack as if she were leading a righteous movement. People asked us where we got her, all the time. Soon there were other Havanese puppies on the Brooklyn Promenade, some from the same Rhode Island breeder. Chicky’s niece moved in with friends across the street, who named her Minerva.

From the beginning, I feared the end. It came unexpectedly, 10 years later, on a Monday afternoon last month, when Chicky was struck and killed by a hit-and-run driver who sped through a left turn in front of my son’s school. Our regular dog walker was recovering from surgery, so her husband, who was filling in, had taken Chicky and two other dogs to the park that day. He and the other dogs (all on leashes) were also hit, the dogs sent into the air, and though he was bleeding from minor injuries of his own, he rushed them to a veterinary clinic nearby. Two people who had witnessed what happened went with him and stayed. The other dogs were fine, but Chicky bore the impact of the recklessly handled Jeep and died almost instantly.

We felt the sudden chill of a long-held fear that had now been realized. Cars had been getting bigger and bigger, drivers seemed to become more and more unhinged and Chicky remained small, vulnerable, low to the ground. We were devastated.

Brooklyn Heights, where we live, is home both to extreme dog reverence and a vast legal brain trust; an incident like this brings the otherwise genteel class as close to a wish for raw, country vigilantism as it is likely to get. In the days that followed Chicky’s death, I heard from many people I had never met who wanted to express outrage, sorrow, support, love, condolence, help or calls to justice, among them a former prosecutor and partner at one of the city’s oldest firms who offered his considered opinion in an active text chain that had sprung up around concern for Chicky.

Throughout our happy time with her, I had acquired a mental Rolodex of dog contacts — Astro, Atticus, Hero, Wellington, Willow, Ziggy — through which meaningful human relationships developed. It is fashionable now to talk about “the third place”: the sociologist’s term for the spaces beyond your house or apartment or office that lend themselves to serendipitous connection. Libraries and coffee bars are the frequently invoked examples, but in New York City, the best third place is the sidewalk when you have a dog, the communion organic and abiding.

It was Hero, a sandy blond terrier-poodle mix, who brought me to Liz. We kept running into each other walking our dogs at night. We turned out to have other dogs and people in common, so we started to plan meeting up. Long and frequent dog walks can fast-track a friendship. Not too long after we got to know each other, Liz’s living arrangement changed and for a while she stayed with us every Wednesday night when she wasn’t at her mom’s place in the Village.

A body of psychological and medical literature confirms what people with dogs already know: that contact with dogs is good for us in so many ways. For nearly 20 years, NewYork-Presbyterian has run a program that brings dogs to patients on the theory that the bond reduces stress, lowers blood pressure and can improve cardiovascular health. Two months ago, the city’s Department of Homeless Services announced the opening of a family shelter in the Bronx with 587 beds and the permission to bring pets. Part of the reasoning grew from a survey of victims of domestic violence showing that half would not leave households in which they were experiencing abuse if they could not take a pet with them.

The law, though, lags far behind any broader recognition of dogs as a social value proposition. The downtown Four Seasons may be dog-friendly — it offers nonhuman guests of the hotel “gourmet macarons by Bonne et Filou” — but the New York State penal code is not.

In some sense this goes against history. New York became the birthplace of the country’s animal-rights movement in 1866, when a German shipping heir named Henry Bergh spearheaded legislation banning animal cruelty, which was soon copied in most other states. Bergh was not sure the police would actually enforce the new laws as robustly as needed, so he got himself appointed as a prosecutor and gained a lot of attention when he brought about the arrest of a boat captain who shipped live turtles from Florida; to transport them, he pierced their flippers and tied them with rope.

Animal-welfare laws have obviously expanded since, but they would not apply in a case like Chicky’s, because we don’t tend to think of dangerous and erratic driving, and what comes of it, as intentional. Legally speaking, pets are classified as property. Stealing a dog is a crime — something you do because you mean to — but fleeing from the scene in which you have injured or killed an animal with your car, presumably by chance, is considered a traffic infraction. The penalty for killing Chicky, a police officer let me know when I called the local precinct, would in all likelihood be a fine of $100.

This, as you can imagine, is an especially difficult thing to explain to a child — that your priceless creature has a number. And it is one the law puts roughly in the range of what it costs to settle a ticket on an illegal U-turn.

Ginia Bellafante has served as a reporter, critic and, since 2011, as the Big City columnist . She began her career at The Times as a fashion critic, and has also been a television critic. She previously worked at Time magazine. More about Ginia Bellafante

A Closer Look at Man’s Best Friend

Dogs are more than just pets, they’re our companions..

How exactly did dogs take over our world? A writer spent a week in the world of luxury dog “hotels”  to find out.

Small dogs with prominent noses live longer than bigger, flat-faced canines,  a new study suggests.

Longevity drugs for our canine companions are moving closer to reality. Here is what to know .

Can your dog make you sick? While dog lovers cherish their pets’ affection, their licks and nips can potentially spread harmful germs .

How do you handle an aggressive dog? Trainers weighed in on how owners can help pets keep their cool .

DogTV, a pay-TV service designed for dogs who are stuck at home alone, hopes to tap into a huge new audience of pandemic puppies  — plus their owners.

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Job requirements captain, offshore fishing vessel in canada.

• Description
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• Competencies

Find out what you typically need to work as a captain, offshore fishing vessel in Canada. These requirements are applicable to all Fishing masters and officers (NOC 83120).

Employment requirements

This is what you typically need for the job.

• Some secondary school education is usually required.
• One to two years of experience as a fishing vessel deckhand is required.
• Captains require one year of service as officer in charge of the watch.
• A Fishing Master's Certificate is required for all occupations in this unit group.
• Marine Emergency Duties Certificate is required by Transport Canada.
• A valid Fishing Vessel Operator Certificate is required for all occupations in this unit group.
• A commercial fishing licence is required.

Source National Occupational Classification

Professional certification and licensing

We don’t have any data on professional certification requirements. This occupation is not regulated in Canada based on our records.

Source Foreign Credential Recognition Program - ESDC

Do you want to work in another province or territory?

If you are already certified to work in a regulated occupation in your province or territory, it will be easier for you to have your certification recognized in another province or territory. See the Workers Mobility's website to learn more.

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What are the Requirements for Earning a Captain’s License ?

U.s. coast guard requirements for national oupv or master up to 100 tons.

A Captain’s License is required to operate a commercial vessel or to take paying passengers out on your vessel. Understanding the Captain’s License Requirements is important prior to taking a captain’s license course . The prerequisites should be reviewed before applying for any U.S. Coast Guard credential. This is advised so you don’t spend your time and money pursuing a license that you don’t qualify for. For helpful credential information and application packets, and official forms click here . For Maritime Institute’s fee-based credential services, click here  to get more info.

Prerequisites for Operator of Uninspected Passenger Vessels (OUPV/”6-Pack”)

The National OUPV license is limited to uninspected vessels, of less than 100 gross tons, operating on U.S. domestic waters ONLY. Also limited to carrying six or less paying passengers. You must meet all of the requirements established by the USCG National Maritime Center in order to apply for this license. The USCG checklist of requirements is located here on the National Maritime Center website: https://www.dco.uscg.mil/nmc/checklist/ . Under National Officer Endorsements for Deck, click on National OUPV Less Than 100 GRT.

Important sea service requirements for OUPV:

• Must be at least 18 years old.
• Must be able to document 360 days of experience on a vessel, of which at least 90 days must be on Near Coastal/Ocean waters otherwise license will be limited to Inland Waters ONLY. ( See: What Counts as Sea Service )
• 90 days of sea service must be within the last 3 years of when you apply.
• 90 days of sea service must be on Ocean or Near Coastal waters or otherwise the license will be limited to Inland Waters only.
• If you are not a U.S. Citizen, you can apply for this license but it will be limited tonnage and restricted to undocumented vessels.

Prerequisites for Master up to 100 Tons on Inland Waters/Great Lakes

With a Master license you may operate inspected/commercial vessels and also take more than six paying passengers. You must meet all of the requirements established by the USCG National Maritime Center in order to apply for this license. The USCG checklist of requirements is located here on the National Maritime Center website: https://www.dco.uscg.mil/nmc/checklist/ . Under National Officer Endorsements for Deck, click on  National Master 100 GL and Inland.

Important sea service requirements for Master Inland/GL:

• Must be at least 19 years old.
• Must be able to document 360 days of experience on a vessel. ( See: What Counts as Sea Service )
• The tonnage of the license (25 Ton, 50 Ton, or 100 Ton) that you get, is determined by your experience. See USCG checklist in the paragraph above for the specific tonnage qualifications .

If you plan on operating an inspected sailing vessel, you must have a sailing endorsement along with the Master Inland/GL license. The required amount of sea service for a sailing endorsement on a Master Inland/GL license is: 180 days on sail or auxiliary sail vessels.

Prerequisites for Master up to 100 Tons on Near Coastal Waters

With a Master license you may operate inspected/commercial vessels and also take more than six paying passengers. You must meet all of the requirements established by the USCG National Maritime Center in order to apply for this license. The USCG checklist of requirements is located here on the National Maritime Center website: https://www.dco.uscg.mil/nmc/checklist/ . Under National Officer Endorsements for Deck, click on  National Master 100NC .

• Must be able to document 720 days of experience on a vessel, of which at least 360 days must be on Near Coastal/Ocean waters. ( See: What Counts as Sea Service )

If you plan on operating an inspected sailing vessel, you must have a sailing endorsement along with the Master Near Coastal license. The required amount of sea service for a sailing endorsement on a Master NC license is: 360 days on sail or auxiliary sail vessels.

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How to Become a Boat Captain

Last Updated: April 29, 2024 References

Getting a Job

Expert q&a.

This article was co-authored by Nitzan Levy . Captain Nitzan Levy is a Sailor, Social Entrepreneur, and the Founder of Sailors NYC, a recreational sailors’ club based in Jersey City, New Jersey that specializes in cruising boats and a variety of community programs. Capt. Levy has over 20 years of sailing experience and has sailed in many places around the world including: the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, The Caribbean, and the Indian Ocean. Capt. Levy is a U.S. Coast Guard Licensed Master of vessels up to 50 Tons with Auxiliary Sail and Assistance Towing Endorsements. Capt. Levy is also a NauticEd Level V Captain Rank Chief Instructor, an American National Standards Assessor, an SLC instructor, an ASA (American Sailing Association) Certified Instructor Bareboat Chartering, and an Israeli licensed skipper on Boats for International Voyages. There are 10 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been viewed 133,150 times.

Becoming a boat captain can be a time-consuming but rewarding process. A captain’s license isn’t necessary if you just want to take your own boat out for pleasure cruises, but it is required if you receive any compensation for your boat services. With the right education, experience, and test scores, you will be on your way to becoming a licensed boat captain.

• Learn communication skills through English classes and other language classes.
• Also consider taking computer classes and mechanical drawing classes.

• Get a degree in the field of marine transportation, marine engineering, maritime operations and technology, or shipyard management.

• Even if you can’t afford a full 4-year education, try to audit some maritime-related classes at your local university or community college.
• Look for classes offered by local organizations like the yacht club or sailing club.

• If you live near a coast, look for local businesses that specialize in these classes. If there's nothing near where you live, you can take an online course.
• These courses end in a written exam that can often stand in for the official exam. Check the Coast Guard website to find approved courses. [4] X Research source

• If this sea-time is spent under another captain's command, you will need to have this captain sign your license application when the time comes.
• Any time spent on a boat counts. So include hours working in positions such as a maid or deckhand on a cruise ship.

• Some positions to aim for are deckhand, third mate, second mate, chief mate, or engineer.

• Look for positions like tour guide, dockhand, sanitation officer, or boat mechanic.

• If it's not necessary, simply provide a statement with your application that says you don't need it.
• If a TWIC card is necessary for you, you can apply for it through the TSA.

• The Master license involves far more sea-time hours, but there’s no need to get the six-pack license first. Jump right to the Master if that’s the one you want.

• Additional identification will be required, such as a social security card or an I-551 alien registration card.

• You can submit your application and any supporting documents in person at a local Regional Exam Center (REC) or send it to the REC through the mail.
• If you're outside the U.S., you'll need to apply for the International Certificate of Competence (ICC) through the Royal Yacht Academy.

• References from licensed captains, commercial fishermen, or others who own and operate their own boats are generally best.
• These character reference letters should also be notarized.

• This exam will usually consist of multiple choice questions about deck and safety procedures, general navigation, and rules associated with operating a boat in shared waters. [17] X Research source

• If your application is approved, your license and credentials will be printed and mailed to you.

• Join your local yacht club or sailing club to make more contacts there.
• Go mingle with other captains at local docks and start up conversations with them. They may know of more job openings.

You Might Also Like

• ↑ https://bigfuture.collegeboard.org/careers/transportation-ship-captains-marine-pilots
• ↑ http://education-portal.com/become_a_ship_captain.html
• ↑ http://study.com/become_a_ship_captain.html
• ↑ https://www.dco.uscg.mil/Portals/9/NMC/pdfs/faq/exams_faqs.pdf?ver=2017-07-13-110959-517
• ↑ http://matadornetwork.com/notebook/how-to-become-a-boat-captain/
• ↑ http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Ship_Captain/Salary
• ↑ Nitzan Levy. Sailing Instructor. Expert Interview. 24 April 2020.
• ↑ http://www.dco.uscg.mil/Portals/9/NMC/pdfs/faq/twic_faq.pdf?ver=2017-05-31-144812-903
• ↑ https://asa.com/news/2013/08/12/uscg-captains-license/#
• ↑ http://www.dco.uscg.mil/Our-Organization/Assistant-Commandant-for-Prevention-Policy-CG-5P/National-Maritime-Center-NMC/merchant_mariner_credential/

About This Article

If you want to become a boat captain, obtain your high school diploma or GED. After school, enroll in a captain’s license class or a college program where you’ll learn about navigation, tidal calculations, international and inland boating rules, and meteorology. Before you can obtain a captain’s license, you must have a minimum of 360 days worth of sea time within a 5-year period, where a “day” is 4 consecutive hours on the water. This can be piloting the boat or working as a deckhand on a cruise ship. For more information on getting your license, read on! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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